Nowadays manufacturers are facing rapid and fundamental changes in the ways business is done. Producers are looking for simulation systems increasing throughput and profit, reducing cycle time, improving due-date performance, reducing WIP, providing plant-wide synchronization, etc. Planning and scheduling of coffee production is important for the manufacturer to synchronize production capacity and material inputs to meet the delivery date promised to the customer. A simulation model of coffee production was compiled. It includes roasting, grinding and packaging processes. Using this model the basic features of the coffee production system are obtained. An optimization module of the simulation SW is used for improving the current structure of the production system. Gantt charts and reports are applied for scheduling. Capacity planning problems related to coffee production are discussed.Keywords: simulation; scheduling; coffee production 32 Vol. 20, Czech J. Food Sci.ning, scheduling and control/monitoring at factory floor level, coordination of cells/production of lines, control and monitoring of production processes, links to (typically existing) administrative and order long term planning systems.
Description of Coffee ProductionThe material flow in the process of coffee production is illustrated in Fig. 1. One roasting machine is available for roasting. Its per hour output and production load are known to be identical for all types of coffee. The transportation of ground coffee to the silos is ensured by a pipeline system connecting the roasting machines with the respective silos. The coffee transfer from the roasting machine to the silo is controlled from the production control center.Based on the technology of coffee production, coffee is degassed immediately after roasting. For that purpose it is stored in eight degassing silos of known maximum capacity. Only one type of coffee can be stored in a silo. The minimum duration of degassing after roasting is specified by the technology and must be strictly adhered to. Coffee is transported from the silos to the mills by a tube system controlled by the dispatcher.
Roast Machine
SiloCoffee is ground in two mills of known per hour output. Ground coffee is transported via the pipeline system to the containers, where additional degassing is carried out. The maximum capacity of each container is known and cannot be exceeded. As shown by the actual process and by the simulation model, the containers are considered to be the bottleneck of the production chain. The duration of degassing after grinding is again specified by the technology. For the three types of coffee it is as follows: After degassing the containers are transported to three packing machines, where coffee is poured into the loader of the packing machine. The per hour output of the packing machine depends on the type of coffee. Some products require a certain packing machine, others can be packed using any of the packing machines.
33Czech J. Food Sci. Vol. 20, lation model deals with the problems of produ...
Social policy should be seen as an activity that guarantees the security of those affected by the risks of labour, family and life. In a broader sense, social policy regulates a very broad range of social relationships that relate to employment, income, education, and others. Social security can therefore be seen as the main objective of social policy. In modern concepts, social security is perceived as a system of public rules, institutions and social payments that enable the dignified exitense of every person, who in an unusual state of vitality. Social security can therefore be seen as a set of measures to protect people in an unusual situation. Forms of social security: social security coverage; social assistance; social provision. Apart from thier nature, purpose and funding, social security and social assistance differ according to the principles of organization and management. Social assistance is a decentralized system, and social security can be centralized or decentralized depending on the principles adopted. Through these forms of social security, people receive material security for their existence on the basis of common and unified rules. In any case, however, not always will the indigent be covered by these forms of social security, regardless of their social protection needs. It is possible that even socially protected persons may be in need because of the low income recevied by this system. In such cases the intervention of social assistance is needed as a means of "plugging the holes". For the sake of clarity, social security can be defined as the first defense net, and social assistance as the second defense net, i.e. social assistance must take on the part of the population which, for one or other reason, does not fall from or land either from the upper levels of the social protection system or when the level of this protection has been insufficient or it provides social protection from the last instance.
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