Depletion potentials induced by the rod-like fd-virus between colloidal probe spheres and a flat glass wall were measured using total internal reflection microscopy. The objective of this investigation was to determine the limits of the approximations used for the theoretical description of the depletion pair potential. Data were obtained at rod concentrations as high as 15 times their overlap concentration and the size ratio between the rod length and the sphere radius increased up to
We performed total internal reflection microscopy (TIRM) experiments to determine the depletion potentials between probe spheres and a flat glass wall, induced by rod-shaped colloids (fd-virus), and we suggest a new approach to study the spatially resolved dynamics of the probe spheres.
This study aims to evaluate the in vivo efficacy in terms of elasticity, hydration and anti-wrinkle enhancement of a new cosmetic cream formulation: Apollinea anti-ageing facial cream. The latter is O/W (oil/water) emulsion with high volume percentages of snail secretion filtrate and donkey milk serum in its composition. The investigation has been performed on (twelve) healthy subjects: 8 (eight) females, and 4 (four) males, all presenting evident skin wrinkles in typical facial areas (e.g. forehead and eye contour). The subjects had to apply about 2 grams of Apollinea anti-ageing facial cream every day. The efficacy of the new cosmetic formulation was assessed before and after the cosmetic treatment, precisely 2 hours, to assess the short-term efficacy, and 40 days after, this to evaluate the product long-term efficacy. Elasticity enhancements have been tested through measurements of the viscoelastic properties of the skin, whereas the hydration parameter through measurements of the skin and subcutaneous tissues dielectric constant. All the latter measurements have been performed with specific instrumentation, as discussed more in detail in the following. To evaluate the anti-wrinkles efficacy instead, we proceeded with digital camera imaging and image analysis processed through ImageJ software. The new Apollinea facial cream cosmetic formulation, based on donkey milk whey and snail secretion filtrate from Helix Aspersa Müller, showed significant enhancement effects on skin elasticity and hydration as well as an important skin-wrinkles-reduction.
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