Resumo -Avaliou-se, em casa de vegetação, a influência de 14 isolados de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) Mycorrhizal fungi influence on brachiariagrass growth and heavy metal extraction in a contaminated soilAbstract -The influence of 14 arbuscular mycorrhiza fungal isolates (AMF) on brachiariagrass growth and extraction of Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb from a contaminated soil was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment. Mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal Brachiaria decumbens plants were grown in pots with 0.92 kg of soil containing (mg kg -1 ): Zn, 3,300; Cu, 60; Cd, 29; Pb, 73. The AMF increased dry matter yield in 84%. Plant heavy metal concentrations were high and were inversely related to dry matter yield. Isolates caused no effect on Pb, but reduced shoot Zn, Cd and Cu concentrations by 20, 28 and 63%, respectively. It was observed effect of mycorrhiza on Cu accumulation in roots (over 1,000%). Isolates enhanced the total amount of soil extracted metals by 845, 142, 68 and 54% for Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd, respectively. Only Acaulospora spinosa, Acaulospora morrowiae-UFLA and Gigaspora gigantea enhanced simultaneous soil extraction of all the four metals. The AMF increase the capacity of B. decumbens to extract contaminant heavy metals from soil, with differentiated effects amongst species.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different water regimes on some aspects of root anatomy of three grasses: Echinochloa pyramidalis (canarana), Setaria anceps (setária) and Paspalum paniculatum (paspalo). The plants were cultivated in a greenhouse and submitted to three water regimes: daily watering; suspension of watering and suspension of watering followed by submersion of the root system. Segments of the middle part of the roots were taken and submitted to classical techniques in botany for slide making and tissue analysis. Anatomical differences were observed among the three grasses submitted to water regimes regarding the number of cell layers in the external cortex and thickening of lignin and suberin. The submerged roots of the three species presented an increasing tendency in the proportion of the area of the cortex destined for the aerenchyma besides thickening of the endodermis and the cells of the medullar parenchyma. The aerenchyma presence in the three water regimes suggested it is a characteristic of these species. The adaptations developed by these species contributed to the understanding of their occurrence in areas that are subject to drought periods and successive floods. INDEX TERMS:Revegetation, grasses, water deficit, Echinochloa pyramidalis, Setaria anceps, Paspalum paniculatum, flood, aerenchyma, anatomical characteristics, roots. EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES REGIMES HÍDRICOS SOBRE AS CARACTERÍSTICAS ANATÔMICAS DE RAÍZES DE GRAMÍNEAS PROMISSORAS PARA REVEGETAÇÃO DE ÁREAS MARGINAIS A RESERVATÓRIOS HIDRELÉTRICOSRESUMO Conduziu-se o presente trabalho objetivavando-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes regimes hídricos sobre alguns aspectos da anatomia da raiz das seguintes gramíneas: Echinochloa pyramidalis (canarana), Setaria anceps (setária) e Paspalum paniculatum (paspalo). As plantas foram cultivadas em casa-de-vegetação e submetidas a três regimes hídricos: regas diárias; suspensão da rega e suspensão da rega seguida de submersão do sistema radicular. Foram retirados segmentos da parte mediana das raízes, os quais foram submetidos a técni-cas clássicas em botânica para confecção de lâminas e análise de tecidos. Foram observadas diferenças anatô-micas nas três espécies de gramíneas submetidas aos três regimes hídricos com relação ao número de camadas de células do córtex externo e o espessamento de lignina e/ou suberina. As raízes em submersão nas três espécies apresentaram uma tendência de aumento na proporção da área do córtex destinada a aerênquimas, além de um espessamento tanto da endoderme como das células do parênquima medular. Pela presença de aerên-quimas nas três espécies sujeitas aos três regimes hídri-cos, infere-se que esses são constitutivos. As adaptações desenvolvidas por essas espécies contribuíram na compreensão da ocorrência dessas em áreas que passam por períodos de seca e inundações sucessivas.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.