ABSTRAKAlpha arbutin merupakan senyawa hidrofilik yang sulit melewati stratum korneum. Salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan penetrasi obat melalui stratum korneum ialah dengan dibuat sistem niosom. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui konsentrasi optimal span 60 dalam meningkatkan efisiensi penjeratan niosom dan mengetahui peningkatan penetrasi alpha arbutin dalam sediaan gel niosom secara in vitro. Niosom terdiri dari campuran span 60 dan kolesterol yang dibuat dengan metode hidrasi lapis tipis. Konsentrasi span 60 divariasikan dalam tiga formula yakni 100, 150 dan 200µmol. Sediaan gel dibuat dalam dua formula yaitu formula gel niosom alpha arbutin dan gel alpha arbutin. Uji efisiensi penjeratan menggunakan metode dialysis tubing cellulose membrane. Uji penetrasi secara in vitro menggunakan sel difusi franz tipe flow-trough dengan lepasan kulit ular. Hasil penentuan efisiensi penjeratan menunjukkan formula 100µmoL memiliki efisiensi penjeratan optimal yakni sebesar 99,09%±0,17. Hasil uji penetrasi secara in vitro dengan membran lepasan kulit ular menunjukkan penggunaan span 60 sebagai penyusun niosom dalam sediaan gel dapat meningkatkan penetrasi alpha arbutin dengan jumlah kumulatif persen difusi selama 8 jam sebesar 91,62% ± 2,32 dibandingkan gel alpha arbutin tanpa sistem niosom yakni sebesar 73,00% ±0,94.Kata kunci : niosom, alpha arbutin, span 60, penetrasi in vitro ABSTRACT Alpha arbutin is a hydrophilic compound which is difficult to pass trough the stratum corneum. One of the effort to increase the penetration of the drug through the stratum corneum is by making in niosome system. This study aims to determine the optimum concentration of span 60 to improve the entrapment efficiency of niosome and investigate the increasing penetration of alpha arbutin using the niosome system in the preparation of the gel in vitro. Niosome consist a mixture of span 60 and cholesterol it made by thin layer hydration method. Concentration of span 60 was varied into three formulas were 100, 150 and 200 µmoL. The formulation of gel was made in two formulas including formulation of niosome alpha arbutin and alpha arbutin in gel. The determination of enterapment efficiency showed that formula 100µmol has an optimum enterapment efficiency by 99.09%±0.17.
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