Electrochemical oxygen reduced reaction (ORR) is a critical element in clean energy development. Despite efforts to enhance gas transfer to the reaction interface, the low solubility of O 2 molecules and slow diffusion rate in liquid electrolyte is still a significant challenge. Herein, we design an artificial outer membrane on microalgal cells, which consists of a carbon dots/bilirubin oxidase (CDs/BOD) ORR catalyst layer and a L-cystine/Au nanoporous O 2 supply layer. O 2 generated by photosynthesis from microalgal cells then can be directly transported to the CDs/BOD catalytic interfaces, overcoming the sluggish gas transfer in the electrolyte. Thus, the cathode constructed by the fabricated microalgal cells realizes an ORR current density of 655.2 μA/cm 2 with fast ORR kinetics, which is 2.68 times higher than that of a BOD cathode fed with pure O 2 . A membrane-less glucose/O 2 biofuel cell is further developed using the hybrid artificial cells as the cathode, and the power density is 2.39 times higher than that of a BOD cathode biofuel cell in O 2 saturated solution. This biomimetic design supplies O 2 directly to the carbon dots/BOD catalyst layer from the microalgae membrane through a nanoporous L-cys/Au layer, providing an alternative solution for the transfer barrier of O 2 in the electrolyte.
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