ABSTRACT

Potassium Nitrate has been used as a desensitizing agent to treat dentinal hypersensitivity for quite a long time. The effectiveness of a potassium nitrate is evaluated many times in the form of toothpaste. There hasn't been much study done to evaluate the desensitizing efficacy of potassium nitrate used in the form of mouthwash. Aim of our study was to compare the desensitizing effect of a tooth paste & mouthwash-both containing Potassium Nitrate.Material & Methods: Thirty patients were assessed using evaporative stimuli and thermal stimuli and tactile stimuli and response was evaluated using Visual Analogue Scale at baseline and after 1 month. The patients were divided into two groups; Group I: fifteen patients who used toothpaste containing 5% potassium nitrate, sodium fluoride, xylitol; Group II: Fifteen patients who used mouthwash containing 3% potassium nitrate, sodium fluoride, xylitol. A total of ten extracted human teeth were collected. Horizontal ground section was done in all the teeth. In five ground section of teeth potassium nitrate containing tooth paste were applied and in five ground sections were shaken vigorously in potassium nitrate mouth rinse. All the ground sections were taken for scanning electron microscopic evaluation. Result:The results of all the stimulus assessment methods indicated that potassium nitrate toothpaste as well as mouthwash showed statistically significant decrease in the sensitivity score on a Visual Analogue Scale compare to baseline. But, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups, although both were effective in the treatment of hypersensitivity toothpaste showed slightly better result. Scanning electron microscopic analysis result showed that there were partial to complete occlusion of dentinal tubules in toothpaste group. However, no such tubule occlusion effect found in mouthwash group. Conclusion:Both toothpaste and mouthwash containing potassium nitrate are effective in reducing dentinal hypersensitivity. However toothpaste was having slightly better result.

Abstract-

Context:Diabetes has become an endemic throughout the world. Periodontitis is associated with diabetes, and it has been regarded as the sixth complication of diabetes. However, the role of diabetes on periodontopathic microbiota such as Porphyromonas gingivalis remains unclear.Aims:To compare the total number of different genotypes of P. gingivalis in chronic periodontitis patients with and without diabetes by using arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) and heteroduplex-PCR.Settings and Design:This is a single-center comparative study.Materials and Methods:A total of 100 patients were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A – patients having chronic periodontitis without diabetes (50) and Group B – patients having chronic periodontitis with diabetes (50). Subgingival plaque samples were collected from both groups of patients. Plaque samples were cultured for P. gingivalis. Positive culture samples and extracted DNA from samples by proteinase-K method were collected. Part of DNA samples were checked by AP-PCR using OPA-13 primer, and part of the DNA were checked using heteroduplex-PCR using P. gingivalis-specific Pg8 primer. Results were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis procedure.Statistical Analysis Used:Independent t-test and Chi-square test (SPSS 16) were used.Results:Thirty-four out of fifty samples of Group B patients were found positive for P. gingivalis, whereas 21 out of 50 samples in Group A were found positive for P. gingivalis. AP-PCR showed nine different genotypes in Group B and six different genotypes in Group A. Heteroduplex-PCR showed a total of seven different genotypes in Group B and five different genotypes in Group A.Conclusions:Results of this study show that, in diabetic condition, P. gingivalis shows increased variations in genotypes.

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