IntroductionFeathers as a side-product of poultry sectors are produced and released in huge on daily basis in Pakistan. About several million tons of feathers are generated as waste worldwide by poultry processing industries annually and this waste to be used for animal feed being source of protein, amino acids and for many other applications 1) . Following process of hydrolysis, feathers are changed into feed stuff, glues, films and also used for some amino acids such as proline, cysteine, serine 2) . Biotechnology processing of poultry waste is preferred over chemical processing for production of feather meal as it preserves the essential amino acids instead 3) . The chemical conversion of feathers
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