Phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) based on liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) is a kind of device based on electrically controlled birefringence effect to realize phase modulation. Due to its low cost, programmable, high resolution, fast response time, LCOS has been widely used in multi-channel imaging, adaptive optics, diffraction optical elements (DOEs), dynamic holographic, optical tweezers and other fields. It is necessary to numerically evaluate the modulation characterization of LCOS before application. Firstly, the phase modulation characterization of the LCOS (PLUTO HED6010XXX by Holoeye Company) was measured based on the Twyman-Green interferometer, and the curves of both phase shift and normalized intensity as grey level functions were obtained. Experimental results indicated that phase modulation of the LCOS could be achieved to 3.99π, and the root-mean-square value (RMS) of normalized intensity was less than 0.01, which demonstrated that LCOS could be regarded as a phase-only modulation device. This method is also suitable for the evaluation of modulation characterization of other LCOS devices. Secondly, a phase pattern of thin lens written onto LCOS was demonstrated. Because of the pixel structure of LCOS, the theory of discretization of lenses was studied. Both simulation and experimental results were obtained. The experimental results proved that the convergence character of the lens written onto LCOS was similar to optical lenses. In the experiment, the measured focal length was in a good agreement to the theoretical deduction, and the relative error (RE) of which was below 1%. Both simulation and experimental results showed that LCOS could be used as lens to converge the plane wave, and replace the optical lens successfully.
Under the background of energy conservation and emission reduction advocated by the state, the sales volume of new energy vehicles increased rapidly and reached new highs in 2021. However, many domestic new energy vehicles still face the problems of serious homogenization and low market share. In view of this situation, we mine and capture the data of online consumers and potential consumers, analyze consumers' preferences in combination with the knowledge learned, take Shenzhen BYD Co., Ltd. as an example, analyze its competitive environment, and finally put forward feasible suggestions.
In the era of rapid development of science and technology information, Internet plus has gradually entered the public's vision. The deep integration of traditional industries and the Internet has created a new development ecosystem, and led the "new normal" of innovation driven development. In this context, we chose Fuguiniao, a leading enterprise in the clothing industry that was once popular all over the country, as the research object. Through the analysis of the enterprise's strategy, combined with the industry environment, using the methods of Porter's five forces model analysis and SWOT analysis, this paper finds the reasons for the failure of the garment enterprise, and puts forward the effective strategies to revive it.
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