Objective: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July to November 2015 to estimate the prevalence of anti-toxopalsma antibodies in sheep and goats in El-Gadarif state. Material and methods: A total of 400 serum samples comprising of 200 sheep and 200 goats were collected and tested by Toxo-latex agglutination test and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Results:The overall sero-prevalence was 52.0% (n=208/400) using Toxo-latex agglutination test and 45.7%(n=42/92) and 27.2%(n=25/92) using iELISA in sheep and goats, respectively. Furthermore, the sero-prevalences among the two investigated species and the two age groups were statistically similar but were different between localities, breeds and sexes. In the univariate analysis, species (P=0.028) and locality (P=0.001) were associated with Toxo-latex agglutination test positive status. Additionally, species (sheep) and locality (Al-Fao, Al-Hawatah, and West El-Gadarif) had increased odds of being Toxo-latex agglutination test positive in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the prevalence of anti-toxopalsma antibodies is relatively high and there was no between-species variation in seropositivity. These findings warrant further investigations to estimate the burden of the disease and the likelihood of zoonotic transmission.
A study was carried out to evaluate the microbial quality of goat carcasses at Dallma island slaughterhouse in Alzafraa District, UAE, during June 2017. A total of 284 swab samples were collected from 40 carcasses for identification of the isolates and bacterial total viable counts (TVCs). Cotton swab samples were also collected from knives and hands of workers used in the slaughter process. The study found that predominant bacterial isolates at Dallma were E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus and these were revealed very low values before and after treatment of operational points also at worker's hands and their knives were low, but Salmonella spp. was not detected. The mean total viable count (TVCs) post skinning, post evisceration and post washing at neck site was 2.26 ± 0.81, 2.48± 0.81 and 2.74± 0.66 log CFU/cm 2 before the treatment, whereas after treatment was 1.60 ± 0.60, 1.65 ± 0.58 and 1.33 ± 0.58 log CFU/cm 2 with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). In brisket site, TVCs before treatment of the carcasses were 2.24 ± 0.64, 2.62± 0.57 and 3.01±0.52 log l0 CFU/cm 2 but after the treatment of the samples were 1.67 ± 0.94, 1.87 ± 0.74 and 1.68 ±0.81 CFU/cm 2 , with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).TVCs of the samples from the rump site samples before treatment at operational points, revealed mean 2.54± 0.49, 2.56±0.84 and 2.37±0.63 log 10 CFU/cm 2 and after treatment were, 1.73 ± 0.81, 1.87 ±0.74 and 1.55±0.62 log l0 CFU/cm 2 respectively (P<0.05). In shoulder site, TVC in the three points of operation before treatment were 1.37±0.62, 2.75±0.84 and 2.73±0.66 log l0 CFU/cm 2 , whereas after treatment 1.40 ± 0.73, 1.73 ±0.45 and 1.61 ±0.69 log lo CFU/cm 2 with statistically significant. TVC in knives after skinning and evisceration before treatment samples were 3.23±0.66 and 3.00±0.48 log CFU/cm 2 while after treatment were 1.18 ± 0.28 and 1.30±0.47 logCFU/cm 2 . Also the TVC, of the hands of the workers post skinning, post evisceration and post washing were 3.15±0.37, 3.43±0.34 and 3.15±0.30 log l0 CFU/cm before treatment samples, but in treated samples were 2.54 ± 0.41, 1.64 ±0.44 and 2.68 ±0.79 log l0 CFU/cm 2 respectively. The decontamination processes are important to eliminate the sources of contamination and that by application of food safety methods such as HACCP and an appropriate training for personnel.
Objective: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2013 to estimate the prevalence of internal lesions in slaughtered camels at Tambool slaughterhouse and to identify the aerobic bacteria colonizing these lesions. Material and methods: A total of 280 carcasses of camels were thoroughly inspected during post-mortem examination and samples were collected from internal lesions and cultured onto different culture media. Isolated bacteria had undergone testing of several biochemical activities for species identification and susceptibility to certain antibiotics. Results: Internal lesions were detected in 25.0% (95% CI of ±5.07) of the carcasses and were observed in the lungs, liver and heart. Statistical association analyses showed that origin, sex, breed, and body condition were related to detection of lesions. A number of 179 isolates of aerobic bacteria belonging to 9 genera were grown and included Staphylococcus species (32.0%), Escherichia coli (26.0%), Streptococcus species (18.0%), Corynebacterium species (5.0%), and Bacillus species, Salmonella species, Pseudomonus species, and Klebsiella species; each of them 4.0%, and Shigella species (2%). Drug susceptibility testing showed that chloramphenicol was the most effective antibiotic against Staphylococcus species, Corynebacterium species, and Bacillus species, while penicillin g 10 was more effective against Streptococcus species. Ciprofloxacin 5 µg and ampicllin/sulpactum 20 µg were effective against E. coli, Salmonella species, Klebsiella species, Shigella species, and Pseudomonas species. Conclusion: It can be concluded that internal lesions are prevalent in camels slaughtered at Tambool slaughterhouse and many species of bacteria were colonizing these lesions, hence, evaluating the economic magnitude of internal lesions resulting in partial and/or total condemnation of organs is warranted.
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