Phyto-synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) having reduced chemical toxicity have been focused globally and become essential component of nanotechnology recently. We prepared green phytochemically (ginger and garlic) reduced NiO-NPs to replace synthetic bactericidal and catalytic agent in textile industry. NPs were characterized using ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The synthesis of NPs was confirmed by XRD and UV-Vis having strong absorption at 350 nm with size ranged between 16-52 nm for ginger and 11-59 nm for garlic. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy confirmed pleomorphism with cubic-and more spherical-shaped NPs. Moreover, exact quantities of garlic and ginger extracts (1:3.6 ml) incorporated to synthesize NiO-NPs have been successfully confirmed by FTIR. Phytochemically reduced NPs by garlic presented enhanced bactericidal activity against multiple drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at increasing concentrations (0.5, 1.0 mg/50 μl) and also degraded methylene blue (MB) dye efficiently. Conclusively, green synthesized NiO-NPs are impending activists to resolve drug resistance as well as environment friendly catalytic agent that may be opted at industrial scale.
Estimates of seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been hampered by inadequate assay sensitivity and specificity. Using an ELISA-based approach that combines data about IgG responses to both the Nucleocapsid and Spike-receptor binding domain antigens, we show that excellent sensitivity and specificity can be achieved. We used this assay to assess the frequency of virus-specific antibodies in a cohort of elective surgery patients in Australia and estimated seroprevalence in Australia to be 0.28% (0 to 1.15%). These data confirm the low level of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia before July 2020 and validate the specificity of our assay.
Background: Advances in imaging techniques and longer survival of chronic medical conditions contribute to the increase in paediatric thrombosis. We aim to determine the incidence, underlying risk factors, management and clinical outcome of paediatric thrombosis at a multidisciplinary facility of Pakistan. Methods: A retrospectively analysis of the medical records of patients in the paediatric age group admitted at the Aga Khan University hospital from January 2013-September 2018 was performed. Site of thrombosis, associated risks factors, management options and outcome of thrombotic event were evaluated. Results: Of the 22,320 paediatric hospitalization, 35 paediatric patients were diagnosed with thrombosis (15 cases per 10,000 admissions). The median age of the study group was 15 years and twenty patients (57%) were male. The commonest site of thrombosis was in lower limb venous 11 (31%), followed by upper limb venous thrombosis 6 (17%), abdominal vein thrombosis 7 (20%), cerebral venous thrombosis 5 (14%), pulmonary embolism and arterial thrombosis 3(9% each). Eighty three percent had underlying clinical condition including central venous catheter [CVC] (26%), malignancy and infection (14% each), antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (9%), inherited thrombophilia (9%), congenital heart disease (6%), while thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and autoimmune disorder (3% each). 12 (34%) patients were treated with heparin only, 8 (23%) received heparin followed by warfarin while warfarin as a single agent was given in 2 (5.7%) patients. One patient died of pulmonary embolism while 9(25%) had persistence or recurrence of thrombosis. Conclusion: Incidence of paediatric thrombosis was 0.15%. CVC placement was the most common associated risk factor. Warfarin and heparin both were found to be safe anticoagulation option. Recurrence rate was found to be high
Estimates of seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been hampered by inadequate assay sensitivity and specificity. Using an ELISA-based approach to that combines data about IgG responses to both the Nucleocapsid and Spike-receptor binding domain antigens, we show that near-optimal sensitivity and specificity can be achieved. We used this assay to assess the frequency of virus-specific antibodies in a cohort of elective surgery patients in Australia and estimated seroprevalence in Australia to be 0.28% (0 to 0.72%). These data confirm the low level of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia before July 2020 and validate the specificity of our assay.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.