In nature exists a properly defined food chain- an order of hunting and getting hunted. One such hunter-hunted pair is considered in this context and coordinated escape manoeuvres in response to predation is studied in case of a rarely examined confined system. Both the predator agent and prey agents are considered to be self-propelled particles moving in a viscous fluid. The state of motility when alive and passivity on death has been accounted for. A novel individual-based combination of Vicsek model and Boids flocking model is used for defining the self-propelling action and inter-agent interactions. The regimes observed at differing levels of co-ordination segregated by quantification of global order parameter are found to be in agreement with the extant literature. This study strives to understand the penalty on the collective motion due to the restraints employed by the rigid walls of the confinement and the predator’s hunting tactics. The success of any escape manoeuvre is dependent on the rate of information transfer and the strength of the agitation at the source of the manoeuvre. The rate of information transfer is studied as a function of co-ordination and the size of the influence zone and the source strength is studied as a function of escape acceleration activated on the agitated prey. The role of these factors in affecting survival rate of prey is given due coverage.
The state Odisha of India is mainly an agro based state and maximum percentage of population of the state depends on cultivation. Rice is the main cultivation crop here. Post harvesting losses are more due to lack of proper knowledge of farmers. Farmers used to dry paddy with open solar drying technique before storing. The main problem in this technique is that there is no control in the amount of heat transferred to the items which gradually leads to cracking of grains. One of the best possible solution is to dry the grain by using biomass grain dryer. In the present research work, an efficient and effective biomass burner with fins is designed and fabricated at SOA University in city of Bhubaneswar, Odisha to dry the paddy by using sensible heat storage materials. Two different sensible heat storage materials pebble and concrete have been used to dry 10 kg of paddy in a batch wise drying process. The average moisture content of fresh paddy of 29.2% was dried to 14.8% in 240 minutes by using pebbles and by using concrete time taken to reach desire moisture content is in 210 min. The time taken by this process is less than the conventional drying without storage materials. The temperature near the paddy tray was maintained in a range of 50– 58 °C which is a comfortable temperature for paddy drying. The efficiency of the dryer with pebbles and concrete also calculated and better efficiency is observed with concrete as sensible heat storage material.
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