In this paper, our analysis concentrated on the mechanical behavior of sandwich panel subjected to impact loading. Thus, to improve the resistance of satellite structures from debris collision consequences; we proceed a performance investigation numerically of different materials based on the evaluation of contact force, total energy and kinetic energy generated from the impact of spherical steel debris on sandwich panel. Furthermore, a comparison of deformations and stresses levels in sandwich panel collide by a projectile at hyper-high velocity using finite element with ANSYS code was made. The difference between our models is the type of skins materials which are aluminum and functionally graded material FGM (alumina/ nickel). The impact results a total perforation of sandwich panel with aluminum facesheets creating a fragments; contrary to FGM which the projectile penetrates only the front facesheet and honeycomb core. However, for an effective protection of sandwich panel against debris perforation, the introduction of FGM skins technique is considered as a candidate solution.
As it is imperative to control the materials development processes well, in parallel, it will be necessary to constantly adapt very efficient assembly methods. Friction stir welding makes it much easier for us to fusion the aluminum alloys like AA6061-T651 and AA7075 -T651. But we noted the difficulty of containing its many parameters such as the welding speed, the rotation speed and the type of pin used during the operation to optimize mechanical properties and in particular to obtain high rupture strength with the tensile test. This why in this paper we treat carefully this process in order to define it drastically, by using the design of experiment method which is an original approach that resides in the possibility of interpretation of experimental results with a minimal effort on the experimental level whichever generates the minimization of the necessary number of experiments and allows a saving in time and in financial cost.
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