causes pre- and postharvest decay of many fruit and vegetable crops. A survey of German strawberry fields revealed strains that differed from in diagnostic PCR markers and growth appearance. Phylogenetic analyses showed that these strains belong to an undescribed species in clade 2, named sp. nov. Isolates of were detected in strawberry fields throughout Germany, sometimes at frequencies similar to those of, and in the southeastern United States. was isolated from overwintering strawberry tissue but not from freshly infected fruit. invaded strawberry tissues with an efficiency similar to or lower than that of but showed poor colonization of inoculated nonhost plant tissues. These data and the exclusive occurrence of this fungus on strawberry plants indicate that is host specific and has a tissue preference different from that of Various fungicide resistance patterns were observed in populations. Many strains showed resistance to one or several chemical classes of fungicides and an efflux-based multidrug resistance (MDR1) phenotype previously described in Resistance-related mutations in were identical or similar to those of for carbendazim (E198A mutation in ), azoxystrobin (G143A in), iprodione (G367A+V368F in ), and MDR1 (gain-of-function mutations in the transcription factor gene and overexpression of the drug efflux transporter gene ). The widespread occurrence of indicates that this species is adapted to fungicide-treated strawberry fields and may be of local importance as a gray mold pathogen alongside Gray mold is the most important fruit rot on strawberries worldwide and requires fungicide treatments for control. For a long time, it was believed to be caused only by, a ubiquitous pathogen with a broad host range that quickly develops fungicide resistance. We report the discovery and description of a new species, named , that is widely distributed in commercial strawberry fields in Germany and the southeastern United States. It was observed on overwintering tissue but not on freshly infected fruit and seems host specific on the basis of its occurrence and artificial infection tests. has also developed resistance to several fungicides that is caused by mutations similar to those known in , including an efflux-based multidrug resistance. Our data indicate that could be of practical importance as a strawberry pathogen in some regions where its abundance is similar to that of .
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