Encephalocele and craniosynostosis are known separate entities found clinically. While searching for a causal association between them, there has been a proposed justified hypothesis. Yet the two conditions are very rarely found in association. We have happened to find such a rare case which we treated and followed up for establishing the proposed theory of association between the two clinical entities.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(4) 2016 98-100
Pelvic actinomycosis is an uncommon condition, often associated with the use of intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). Pelvic actinomycosis is rare accounting for 3% of all human actinomycotic infections. Ovarian actinomycosis is even rarer. Here, we present a 24-year-old woman using an IUCD for 3 1 / 2 years with right-sided adnexal mass, which was diagnosed postoperatively as tubo-ovarian actinomycosis. Many times, an appropriate management is overlooked or delayed due to its non-specific and variable clinical and radiological features. Sometimes, it can even mimic an advanced pelvic malignancy. Therefore, the gynecologist should consider the possibility of this infection to spare the patient from morbidity of radical surgical procedure.
Background: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is an important cause of nonsurgical retinopathy leading to moderate to severe visual loss. Almost 50% cases undergo recurrence, and one of the recognizable risk factors is endogenous hypercortisolism.
Aims and Objective: Our study intended to its presence in recurrent CSCR patients compared to non-chorioretinal disorder.
Materials and Methods: Eighteen-month cross-sectional comparative study done on recurrent CSCR patients and matched refractive error patients comprised the comparison group. Use of exogenous steroids and diagnosed conditions of hypercortisolism were excluded. Sample size for both the groups was 34 in each. After taking history and performing ocular examination, blood samples for serum cortisol estimation collected in the morning and in the evening in patients of both the groups. Results analyzed using standard statistical methods.
Results: All patients of recurrent CSCR were males. The mean serum levels of cortisol were higher than laboratory reference range during both times of the day in recurrent CSCR patients, and these levels were significantly higher than those in the comparison groups.
Conclusion: Recurrent CSCR patients have higher level of endogenous cortisol compared to the non-chorioretinal patients, and its early recognition and management would certainly benefit the patients.
The OFBs pose difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Management of such cases, at times, calls for innovation in decision making and formulation of strategies.
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