By using finite difference software FLAC3D, the displacement field and stress field of the long-short-pile composite foundation were studied, as well as the distribution of axial force, neutral position and penetration amount. The effects of the main parameters of long-short-pile composite foundation on its working properties, such as the modulus and thickness of the cushion, the length and quantity of the long pile, are investigated in detail. The results show that the modulus and thickness of cushion have less effect on the foundation settlement, while they can affect the pile-soil stress ratio significantly. Moreover, increasing the number of piles can control the foundation settlement effectively. The stresses in upper soil layer can be transferred to lower soil layer effectively, with the increasing of the number of long piles. Then the foundation settlement can be reduced correspondingly. While the variation of the number of piles has less effect on the stress field when the number of piles reaches a certain extend, and the reduction of the foundation settlement tends to slow down. Further, the foundation settlement decreases with the increasing of long-pile length. Finally, based on the foundation settlement control, the recommended values of parameters are given.
The ostrich foot toenail plays a crucial role in the process of ostrich foot traveling on sand. 3D laser scanner was used to measure the three-dimensional point clouds of ostrich foot toenail surface morphology, and the three-dimensional model of ostrich foot toenail was reconstructed by using reverse engineering technology. The finite element analysis in the interactions between ostrich foot toenail and sand was implemented by Abaqus and Hypermesh. The quasi-static analytical results of ostrich foot toenail inserting the sands showed that the groove structure of the toenail had a better sand fixation effects, the tiptoe structure was conducive to insert into the sands, and the inverted triangular structure of the toenail had the weak disturbance on the sands which produced the less resistance of the toenail inserting the sands. According to the velocity and the stress fields in the process of the ostrich foot toenail dynamically traveling on sand, ostrich foot toenail tiptoe could help to improve the thrust of traveling on sand, the groove area of the toenail played the effects of sand fixation and flow limitation in the process of ostrich foot toenail traveling on sand. Keywords: ostrich foot toenail, reverse engineering, model reconstruction, finite element simulation, sand fixation and flow limitation.
The continuum/discontinuum multiscale analytical system of the interaction between rigid wheel and lunar soil by coupling discrete elements and matrix module was established. The DEM parameter of lunar soil particles was confirmed by the biax-test. The mesoscopic dynamic behaviors of lunar soil simulant subjected to rigid lugged wheel with different structures were simulanted and analysized by the multiscale method. Comparing the simulation results with the soil-bin test results, the multiscale model not only satisfied the computation accuracy, but also had the much higher computation efficiency.
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