Background and Purpose: The search for the development of a suitable novel antimicrobial agent for fungal diseases continues to be a key problem in the current clinical field. The present investigation was aimed to determine the antifungal effect of the ethanolic crude extracts of Woodfordia fruticosa leaf (Wfl) and Punica granatum peel (Pgp) in uncontrolled diabetic patients wearing removable dentures. Materials and Methods: The ethanolic extracts of both plants were prepared using the soxhlet extraction method, and the obtained metabolites were confirmed by thin-layer chromatography. After the preparation of the mouthwash, a total of 100 subjects were randomly divided into two groups. Each subject was given physiological saline at the baseline. Group I was provided with P. granatum mouthwash, while Group II was given W. fruticosa mouthwash. Following the administration of the mouthwash, the patients were requested to rinse the mouthwash using the oral rinse technique twice daily 5 ml/rinse for 30 sec. Subsequently, colony-forming units (CFU) were evaluated in the participants. Post-therapeutic samples were collected 1 h and 1 week after the mouthwash use. Results: The mean reduction of CFU was calculated at the baseline, as well as 1 h and 1 week after using mouthwash. The results indicated a drastic reduction in CFU 1 h and 1 week after the application of Wfl mouthwash. Conclusion: The obtained data revealed that Wfl had potential anticandidal activity against Candida yeast cells, probably owing to its bioactive compounds like glycosides. Therefore, this agent can be used effectively as a natural remedy for the treatment of oral candidiasis. However, the exact mechanism of action of this plant needs to be elucidated.

Background: GCT's are aggressive benign but potentially malignant lesions of bone.50% of these tumors involve knee joint. Wide resection and gap reconstruction by various methods are used for aggressive GCT's around knee joint. In this study we tried to evaluate the outcome of resection arthrodesis of knee by primary Ilizarov procedure. Materials and Methods: 20 patients with mean age of 30.5 years with campanacci grade III GCT around knee joint treated by resection arthrodesis and primary Ilizarov techniques between 2010-2015 were evaluated in this retrospective study. There were 8 males and 12 females. Mean follow up was 36 months (30-42 months range). Functional evaluation was done with musculoskeletal tumor society scale. Results: At the final follow up the functional score ranged from 26.4 out of 35. The average duration in fixator was 16 months and the mean regenerate achieved was 10.8 cm at final follow up Average duration to union was 6 months. All patients were ambulatory. There were no requirements for bone grafting in all 20 cases. 3 cases had nonunion at docking site one because of local recurrence and one case because of infection. Conclusion:Resection Arthrodesis with Ilizarov is a viable alternative and provides a long-lasting and cost-effective reconstruction for average patients in developing countries.

Introduction: Spinal tuberculosis the most common site of skeletal TB affects predominantly the thoracolumbar spine. Rest and anti-tubercular drugs remain the mainstay treatment of Pott's spine. Early instrumentation serves as adjunct to ATT by providing stability and pain relief thereby assisting in early mobilization and overall improvement in quality of life. Material and methods: 20 cases of active Pott's spine early in the course of disease with excruciating pain and functional restrictions on ATT were included in our study. They were subjected to posterior stabilization with pedicle screws and connecting rod system without fusion. Few cases were subjected to direct decompression because of large abscess causing compression. All patients were followed up for a minimum duration of 12 months. Results and observation: All patients had significant pain relief in the early postoperative period. Mobilization was started as early as one week following surgery. The mean kyphotic angle improved from 28º to 10.5º following surgery in 9 cases. Also, there was no progression of kyphotic deformity or neuro-deficit in any of the cases. Conclusion:Early mobilization can be provided by posterior stabilization in cases of active spinal TB which improves the quality of life as well as the psychological state of the patients. Deformity correction is significant enough with posterior stabilization. Instrumented stability not only helps better penetration of drug delivery, also prevents the progression of deformity and relieves pain helping in better nursing care. This surgery also helps in confirmation of diagnosis by biopsy.