Background To investigate the associations between overweight, obesity and sleep duration and related lifestyle behaviors in children and adolescents at different gender and educational stages. Methods A cross-sectional study comprising 18723 children and adolescents with a stratified cluster sampling method of Henan Province was conducted in 2019. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect the information about demographic characteristics as well as sleep and lifestyle behaviors. Anthropometric measurements (height and weight) were taken and body mass index was computered as an indicator of overweight and obesity. The Chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple logistic regression were used to data analysis. Results Among the respondents, 12657(67.6%) were with normal weight, 3711(19.8%) were overweight and 2355(12.6%) were obesity. The average age of the participants was 12.6 years old. The proportion of overweight and obesity in the 10191 boys was 18.7% and 14.2% respectively. The proportion of overweight and obesity in the 8532 girls was 21.2% and 10.6% respectively. In trend analyses, sleep duration at different gender found with the decreased of the sleep duration, the proportions of overweight/obesity in boys and girls were gradually increased (Ptrend<0.05). In the adjusted logistic regression models, the results showed stratified by gender, compared with the recommended sleep duration group, students with very short sleep duration and short sleep duration showed an increased ORadj of 2.56 and 2.13 in boys, 2.34 and 2.09 in girls respectively. According to different educational stages, those in very short sleep duration and short sleep duration showed an increased ORadj of 2.15 and 1.69 in primary school, 2.26 and 1.58 in middle school, 2.23 and 1.51 in high school respectively. Conclusions Children and adolescents with very short sleep duration and short sleep duration may increase the risk of overweight/obesity, the association differed based on the gender-specific and educational stages-specific. Gender and educational stages should be regarded as specific characteristics for the effects on overweight/obesity in Henan Province.
Objective: To examine the type of maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the distribution characteristics of children's birth weight and the association between dietary patterns and neonatal birth weight in China. Methods: Data were derived from a cross-sectional program named “The prevalence and risk factors of birth defects in Shaanxi Province” in July to November in 2013. A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to select women and their children. The mother's diet during pregnancy was investigated using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to collect the frequency and amount of food consumption, and the newborn birth weight as well as related social demographic information was collected at the same time. In our study, 0-1 year old children and their mothers with complete dietary survey data were selected as research objects. The main dietary patterns were identified according to factor analysis, and latent class analysis (LCA) was used to investigate the social demographic factors affecting dietary patterns. The logistic regression model was used to assess the association between birth weight and maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy by establishing three adjusting models and the data were stratified for further analysis by urban-rural and regions.Results: A total of 15980 participants were involved in this study. Four dietary patterns were identified: "vegetarian pattern", "balance pattern", "traditional pattern" and "processing pattern". Compared with moderate tertile, women in the highest tertile of adherence to vegetarian pattern increased the risk of low birth weight in offspring in rural areas (OR=1.61, 95%CI:1.06-2.93) and middle region (OR=1.75, 95%CI:1.18-2.62), and the traditional pattern had greater odds of lower birth weight in the middle region (OR=1.55, 95%CI:1.05-3.75). The processing pattern was found a protective factor for the occurrence of low birth weight in rural areas (OR=0.98, 95%CI:0.43-0.99) but was a risk factor for low birth weight in the southern region (OR=8.83, 95%CI:1.22-15.16). The balance pattern was a protective factor for the occurrence of low birth weight in the northern region(OR=0.35, 95%CI:0.14-0.83).Conclusion: The vegetarian and traditional pattern may be positively related to a higher risk of low birth weight while the balanced pattern may keep birth weight of offspring within the appropriate range. Health education of balanced diet and individual nutrition guidance during pregnancy should be strengthened, to make the dietary structure during pregnancy are more reasonable, reduce the occurrence of adverse birth weight of newborns.Fund programs: Project of birth defect control and prevention in Shaanxi(Sxwsjswzfcght2016-013) ; National Natural Science Foundation of China (81230016)
Objective : To understand the type of dietary patterns in the women during pregnancy and the distribution characteristics of children's birth weight and the association between dietary patterns and neonatal birth weight in Shaanxi, China. Methods: Data were derived from a cross-sectional program named “The prevalence and risk factors of birth defects in Shaanxi Province” in July to November in 2013. A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to select women , according to the urban-rural ratio and taking into account the population intensity and fertility level, 10 urban districts and 20 counties were randomly selected. In the sample counties, 6 townships were randomly selected (3 districts in the urban area), and 6 villages were randomly selected from each township (6 communities in the urban districts), each village randomly surveyed 30 (60 in the community) women whose latest dates of pregnancy were during January 2010 to November 2013 and their children. The mother's diet during pregnancy was investigated using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to collect the frequency and amount of food consumption, and the newborn birth weight as well as related social demographic information was collected at the same time. This study selected children aged between 0-1 years old and their mothers with complete dietary survey data as the study subjects. The main dietary patterns were identified according to factor analysis, and latent class analysis (LCA) was used to investigate the social demographic factors affecting dietary patterns. The logistic regression model was used to investigate the association between birth weight and maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy by establishing three adjusting models and the data were stratified for further analysis by urban-rural and regions. Results : Totally 15980 participants were involved in this study, and the birth weight was 1050-6250g (3279.9±454.6). There were 783 newborns with birth weight of <2500g, accounting for 4.9%; and 703 newborns with birth weight >4000g, accounting for 4.4%. The incidence of SGA and LGA was 14.7% and 7.6%, respectively.Factor analysis was used to extract four dietary patterns during pregnancy: "vegetarian pattern", "balance pattern", "traditional pattern" and "processing pattern". The vegetarian pattern was a predominant pattern. LCA analysis indicated that urban women preferred to choose the balance pattern and rural women preferred for the traditional pattern. The balance pattern and processing pattern were the main ones in the southern region, the vegetarian pattern in the northern region and the traditional pattern in the middle region. Further study on the association between dietary patterns and neonatal birth weight, founding that the vegetarian pattern was positively associated with a higher risk of low birth weight in rural areas and middle region, and the traditional pattern was a risk factor for the occurrence of low birth weight in the middle region. The processing pattern was found a protective factor for the occurrence of low birth weight in rural areas but was a risk factor for low birth weight in the southern region. The balance pattern was a protective factor for the occurrence of low birth weight in the northern region. Conclusion : There are four kinds of dietary patterns in the pregnant women of childbearing age in Shaanxi Province, "vegetarian pattern" is predominant, and the dietary structure needs to be improved. The vegetarian and traditional pattern may be positively related to a higher risk of low birth weight while the balanced pattern may keep birth weight of offspring within the appropriate range. Health education of balanced diet and individual nutrition guidance during pregnancy should be strengthened, in order to make dietary structure during pregnancy are more reasonable, reduce the occurrence of adverse birth weight of newborns.
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