The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of two-dimensional echocardiography in observing the left ventricular apical thin point (LVATP) and to view the change in thickness and width of the LVATP during the cardiac cycle. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in 32 healthy adult volunteers to observe the LVATP in an apical three-chamber view. The width and thickness of the LVATP were measured at the end-diastole as well as at the end-systole. With two-dimensional echocardiography, the LVATP could be clearly shown. The width of the LVATP at the end-diastole and end-systole was 3.3 mm +/- 1.4 mm versus 0.9 mm+/-0.4 mm, P < 0.001; the thickness of the LVATP at the end-diastole and end-systole was 1.7 mm +/- 0.6 mm versus 1.8 mm +/- 0.8 mm, P > 0.05. The LVATP can be viewed with two-dimensional echocardiography; the LVATP changes significantly in width during the cardiac cycle, whereas the thickness of the LVATP changes insignificantly.
This prospective study aimed to assess the usefulness of an intracavitary convex array probe (ICAP) in visualizing the lateral meniscus (LM) and improving the diagnostic utility of ultrasound (US) when diagnosing or screening for discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) in children. We included 105 knees (66 patients) that had symptomatic or asymptomatic DLM. We extracted and retrospectively reviewed data regarding patient demographics, medical records, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonographic features and arthroscopic findings. The inner edge of the LM visualized using an ICAP was significantly clearer than that visualized using a linear array probe, and the difference was significant (p < 0.01). The edges were better visualized in patients aged <8 y than in those aged >8 y, and the difference was significant (p < 0.001). The average widths of the LM body using an ICAP and MRI were 19.85 § 3.63 and 24.46 § 4.94 mm, respectively, and the wider the meniscal width, the greater was the deviation between the US and MRI measurements, which were positively correlated (r = 0.612, p < 0.001). With the use of MRI measurements and an ICAP, meniscal widths in poorly visualized LMs were greater than those in clearly visualized LMs, but this difference was not significant (p = 0.161). US scans using an ICAP and MRI were highly consistent in assessing the shape of the menisci (k = 0.849, p < 0.001). US scan using an ICAP is a non-invasive, convenient and low-cost modality for diagnosing or screening for DLM in the pediatric population, especially in children aged <8 y.
ObjectiveThis large-sample observational study aims to analyze the morphological development of the hip joint in Chinese normal infants under 6 months of age by the Graf ultrasound method.MethodsThe clinical and ultrasound data of infants who underwent early screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in the authors' clinic from January 2011 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The standard Graf method was used to measure the hip joint α angle, β angle and femoral head coverage (FHC). The infants with Graf type I or IIa hips were included in this study. All infants were grouped by age. FHC, α and β angles were compared among different study groups.ResultsA total of 3,067 infants (6,134 hips) were included in the study. There were 1,164 males and 1,903 females with an average age of 77 days (1–180 days). The mean α angle was 62.4 ± 3.6° on the left and 63.2 ± 3.5° on the right (P < 0.001). The mean β angle was 55.6 ± 4.5° on the left and 54.8 ± 4.5° on the right (P < 0.001). The average FHC was 54.2 ± 4.6% and 54.8 ± 4.2%, accordingly (P < 0.001). The α angle and FHC of females was significantly smaller than that of males (P < 0.001). While the left β angle in females was slightly larger than males (P = 0.014), there were no significant differences in the right β angle between the two sexes (P = 0.150). During the first 3 postnatal months, the α angle and FHC increased while β angle decreased with age. However, the α and β angles and FHC were stable at a relatively constant level from the 4 to the 6th postnatal month.ConclusionsThe normal infant hip reveals progressive maturation during the first 3 months after birth, and then enters a plateau period during the 4 to 6th month. The development of hip joint in females and of the left side slightly lags behind that in males and of the right side, which is consistent with the observation that DDH is more common in females and on the left hips.
Background Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), occurring predominantly in older people. Skeletal muscle lymphoma is a rare form of DLBCL, most frequently affecting the thigh, upper extremities, calf, and pelvis. Case presentation We report a case of skeletal muscle DLBCL that was diagnosed using ultrasound (US)-guided biopsy. A 70-year-old man presented with progressive swelling and pain in the left lower extremity and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, and CA125 levels. US, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) showed diffuse lesions in several muscles of the left lower extremity. Positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) showed FDG-uptake in the affected muscles. The patient was treated with chemotherapy and achieved a good response. A systematic review of the literature published between 1992 and 2019 was conducted to investigate the role of imaging, including imaging-guided biopsy, in the diagnosis of skeletal muscle lymphoma. Conclusions Skeletal muscle lymphoma is rare. US and MRI features include enlargement of muscular structures, with preservation of the architecture of the tissue and surrounding anatomical structures. Definitive diagnosis relies on histological and immunohistological analysis of a sample obtained through imaging-guided biopsy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.