By using multiple-scale method, we analytically study the soliton dynamics of Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in a double square well potential. It is shown that dark soliton can be stable, which is generated in BEC trapped in a double square well. The amplitude and the width of dark soliton are related to the initial position of the soliton. Within the double square well, because of the confinement of the potential, the amplitude of the dark soliton is larger, while the width of the dark soliton is smaller. Furthermore, we also find that the amplitude and the width of the soliton are closely related to the depth of the double square well. With the increase of the depth, the amplitude of the dark soliton increases remarkably, while the width of the dark soliton decreases slowly.
Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that graphene nanoscrolls (GNSs) can be fabricated by self-assembly of isolated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with cut line defects. The scrolling process and energy analysis show that van der Waals interactions and π-π stacking are primary causes. The diameter and length of CNTs should meet some required conditions to guarantee the scroll configuration. The dependence of scroll-forming on temperature and edge structure is also investigated. It is remarkable that fissures with a helical pattern can greatly improve the scrolling ability of CNTs. Cutting defects provide a new way to fabricate pure GNSs without impurity from isolated CNTs.
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