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Background The transition to residential care facilities can be stressful for older people, entailing numerous challenges. Many qualitative studies focused on the adjustment and the experiences associated with older adults’ admission to residential care facilities. However, there have been few studies to synthesize qualitative studies and pay attention to the cultural factors influencing adaptation. The aim is to appraise the adaptation of older people’ s transition to the residential care facilities. Methods We followed the method of Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Six databases (CINHAL, Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) were searched systematically from their inception until April 2020 using Medical Subject Headings (MSH) or Subject Headings plus free-text words. The CASP evaluation for qualitative studies was used for quality appraisal and meta-aggregation was used in the data analysis. Results Ten studies (from 7 countries on 3 continents) were included in this review. We synthesized two main findings: the impacts of culture on adaptation and the transition process. Conclusions Understanding the cultural factors helps nursing staff to gain new insight into older adults’ transition to residential care facilities. The consideration of cultural factors might be incorporated into tailored interventions for residents during transition. Nursing staff is advised to pay attention to the decision-making process before residents’ admission to the residential care facilities, and care plans are best made by residents, family members, and staff members together at the beginning of the decision-making process.

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Background China is one of the most rapidly ageing countries and has the largest ageing population in the world. The demand for long-term care is increasing. Nursing home placement is one of the most stressful events in a person’s life. Although research on relocation adjustment has been conducted in many countries, few studies have been related to the predictors of nursing home adjustment in mainland China. This study aimed to identify the predictors of nursing home adjustment in the context of filial piety in mainland China. Methods This was a descriptive study that employed a cross-sectional survey. A total of 303 residents from 22 nursing homes in Nanjing, China, were recruited. A structured questionnaire about residents’ characteristics, activities of daily living, social support, resilience, and nursing home adjustment was administered. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the predictors of adaptation to nursing homes. Results The predictors of nursing home adjustment were the satisfaction with services(β = .158, P < .01), number of diseases(β = −.091, P < .05), length of stay(β = .088, P < .05), knowledge of the purpose of admission (β = .092, P < .05), resilience(β = .483, P < .001) and social support(β = .186, P < .001). The total explained variance for this model was 61.6%. Conclusion Nursing staff members should assess the characteristics of residents to promote their better adjustment. Resilience had the most significant influence on the level of adaptation, which has been the primary focus of interventions to improve adjustment. The management of disease comorbidities in nursing homes should be standardized and supervised by the government. More volunteers from universities and communities should be encouraged to provide social support to residents. Moreover, a caring culture needs to be emphasized, and the value of filial piety should be advocated in nursing homes of East Asian countries.