It is difficult to maintain strong piezoelectric properties over a wide temperature range in (K,Na)NbO 3 (KNN)-based ceramics owing to the polymorphic phase boundary (PPB). Here, we propose advantageously utilizing the synergistic effect of crystal orientation and phase structure to address this issue. The 〈0 0 1〉 pc textured (1 − x)(K 0.48 Na 0.52 )(Nb 0.96 Sb 0.04 )O 3 -x(Bi 0.5 Ag 0.5 )ZrO 3 (KNNS-xBAZ) ceramics with different phase structures were synthesized via the templated grain growth method. A high piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 ) of 505 ± 25 pC/N, an electric field-induced strain of 0.21%, and a superior temperature stability (d 33 exhibited a high retention of ≥78% at the temperature up to 200 • C; strain maintained within 5.7% change over a temperature range of 30-150 • C) were simultaneously achieved in textured KNNS-0.03BAZ ceramics. The flattened Gibbs free energy induced by the R-O-T multiphase coexistence, the strong anisotropy of crystals, and the abundant nanodomains contributed to the enhanced piezoelectric properties. The contribution of the strong anisotropy of crystals in 〈0 0 1〉 pc textured ceramics compensates for the deterioration of the piezoelectric properties caused by the phase structure deviation from the PPB with increasing temperature, which benefits the superior temperature stability of the textured KNNS-0.03BAZ ceramics. The previous merits prove that utilizing the synergistic effect of crystal orientation and phase structure is an effective strategy to boost the piezoelectricity and their temperature stability of KNN-based ceramics.
Considering the advantages of high Curie temperature and environment-friendly nature of KNN piezoelectric ceramics, the limitation of weak piezoelectric response and their temperature sensitivity to applications is worth exploring. Herein, the <001> textured (1-[Formula: see text])(K[Formula: see text]Na[Formula: see text])(Nb[Formula: see text]Sb[Formula: see text])O3-[Formula: see text](Bi[Formula: see text]Na[Formula: see text])HfO3([Formula: see text] = 0.01-0.045) lead-free ceramics were synthesized by templated grain-growth method. The high piezoelectric performance (d[Formula: see text] of 474 pC/N and strain of 0.21%) and excellent temperature stability (unipolar strain maintained within 4.3% change between 30[Formula: see text]C and 165[Formula: see text]C) were simultaneously achieved in the textured KNNS-0.03BNH ceramics. The high piezoelectric performance can be attributed to the summation of the crystallographic anisotropy and phase structure contributions in <001> textured ceramics. The superior temperature stability of piezoelectric properties can be interpreted by the contribution of crystal anisotropy to piezoelectric properties reduces the effect of phase transition on piezoelectric properties deterioration. This study provides an effective strategy for simultaneously achieving high piezoelectric properties and superior temperature stability in KNN-based textured ceramics.
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