Kozoji New Town is one of the earliest large-scale residential developments in Japan. The plan was based on a land readjustment project which took into consideration natural disasters such as Typhoon Vera, large-scale developments such as the Aichi Canal, and social situations such as the advance of motorization. The master plan for Kozoji New Town changed over time while continuing the search for an ideal form of replotting design and solutions for problems with the transport plans in consideration of the natural environment of the site, but eventually a unique plan was realized incorporating the valley's large-scale main roads and pedestrian ways on the ridges branching out from the regional center which is concentrated in the one spot. In the process of changes in the master plan, the 'natural environment' of the site had considerable influence on the shedding of the neighborhood unit theory, the concentration and density of population and facilities in the centre and the pedestrian way connections. As Kozoji New Town made the local natural environment the fundamental structure of the new town, it became an opportunity for great changes in the attitudes towards planning spatial structures in subsequent new town planning, while continuing some development ideas from early New Town planning.
Kohoku new town, constructed in suburbs of Yokohama-city in high economic growth period, built Green Matrix System (GMS), systematizing open space, public accommodation site and traffic. GMS, providing still good house environment today and being inherent with the characteristic of ex-natural environments, however, could not completely structure local natural environments as aimed at the beginning of the planning. In this study, we grasped relationship between GMS and the former natural environment, comparing the present facilities and land use in southern part of Kohoku NT with original landform. We clarified the water system and the characteristic of farmlands, which GMS could not involve with its structure. The result become basis for the future area reorganization that assumed NT a nucleus.
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