This paper presents a two-step enhancement and a comprehensive analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) wrapped polyaniline nanofiber (NPANI) ammonia (NH3) gas sensor at room temperature. SWCNT-PANI composites are successfully synthesized using an efficient and cost-effective rapid in situ chemical polymerization method. The structural morphology and modification of the samples are characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and HRTEM. FTIR and Raman spectroscopic studies are also performed to gain a better insight into the chemical environmental interaction in the as-prepared nanocomposite. The analysis confirms the successful formation of the nanocomposite. The observed NH3 gas-sensing response at 10 ppm of SWCNT, f-SWCNT (functionalised SWCNT), and SWCNT-PANI composite sensors are 5%–6%, 18%–20%, and 24%–25%, respectively. The SWCNT-PANI composite sensors have shown higher repeatability, selectivity, long-term stability, and fast response-recovery characteristics as compared to f-SWCNTs and pristine SWCNT sensors. Concentration and temperature dependent gas-sensing studies are also analyzed. The sensor response also shows a linear relationship with NH3 gas concentration and an inverse relationship with increasing temperature.
Abstract. Present work reports novel synthesis of Polyaniline (PANI)/Se nanocomposites. Se nanowires are prepared from SeO 2 under assistance of vitamin C and polyaniline is synthesized through chemical oxidation. The effect of composition of Se nanowires on the properties of polyaniline was investigated and five orders increase in conductivity after doping has been observed. The electrical properties of nanocomposites show that conduction is through hopping process due to the wide range of localized states present near fermi level. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy) and ultraviolet (UV)-visible studies confirm the occurrence of polyaniline in conducting emeraldine salt form in the composites and suggest incorporation of Se in polymer. The optical studies indicate that absorption mechanism is due to indirect allowed transition and the optical band gap tends to decrease after doping. The thermal stability of composites has been ascertained on the basis of DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetery) measurements. TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis have also been carried out for morphological studies.
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