Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic assemblies in response to a variety of stressors. We report a new neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) with common features of language problems, intellectual disability, and behavioral issues caused by de novo likely gene-disruptive variants in
UBAP2L
, which encodes an essential regulator of SG assembly.
Ubap2l
haploinsufficiency in mouse led to social and cognitive impairments accompanied by disrupted neurogenesis and reduced SG formation during early brain development. On the basis of data from 40,853 individuals with NDDs, we report a nominally significant excess of de novo variants within 29 genes that are not implicated in NDDs, including 3 essential genes (
G3BP1
,
G3BP2
, and
UBAP2L
) in the core SG interaction network. We validated that NDD-related de novo variants in newly implicated and known NDD genes, such as
CAPRIN1
, disrupt the interaction of the core SG network and interfere with SG formation. Together, our findings suggest the common SG pathology in NDDs.
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