We challenge the existing literature that points to the detachment of Bitcoin from the global financial system. We use daily data from August 17, 2011-February 14, 2020 and apply a risk spillover approach based on expectiles. Results show reasonable evidence to imply the existence of downside risk spillover between Bitcoin and four assets (equities, bonds, currencies, and commodities), which seems to be time dependent. Our main findings have implications for participants in both the Bitcoin and the traditional financial markets for the sake of asset allocation, and risk management. For policy makers, our findings suggest that Bitcoin should be monitored carefully for the sake of financial stability.
The aim of this research was to examine the structural changes of European carbon futures price under the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme during 2005-2012. More specifically, by relying on the daily EU allowance futures contract, we investigate the structural changes of the European carbon futures price. Structural breakpoints are detected based on the iterative cumulative sums of squares algorithm and event study models. The results show that since 2005, there have been three major breakpoints of the European carbon futures price, stemming from the two extreme events of the 2008 global financial crisis and the 2011 European debt crisis. This study contributes to understanding the pricing mechanism of the EU ETS and effectively forecasting carbon prices.
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