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Background Leptospirosis is a common infectious disease in tropical and semitropical regions, and it is typically neglected. Leptospirosis-associated acute diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is one of its fatal complications. The use of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of Leptospira interrogans infection has rarely been reported. Case presentation We present the case of a 62-year-old female who was transferred to our hospital with dyspnea, and severe hemoptysis and was supported by a tracheal intubation ventilator. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) reported Leptospira interrogans. A diagnosis of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage caused by leptospirosis was made. After immediately receiving antibiotics and hormone therapy, the patient achieved a complete recovery upon discharge. Conclusion Leptospirosis presenting as severe diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis. mNGS can help identify pathogens and treat them early, which can improve prognosis.

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Transition metal oxides gain considerable research attentions as potential anode materials for lithium ion batteries, but their applications are hindered due to their poor electronic conductivity, weak cycle stability and drastic volume change. Here, a NiO@graphene composite with a unique 3D conductive network structure is prepared through a simple strategy. When applied as anode material for Li-ion batteries, at 50 mA g −1 , the NiO@graphene displays a high reversible capacity of 1366 mAh g −1 and a stable cyclability of 205 mAh g −1 after 500 cycles. Even at a high rate of 10 A g −1 , it displays a favorable reversible capacity of 711 mAh g −1 . Remarkably, when it recovers back to 0.05 A g −1 , a reversible capacity of 1741 mAh g −1 is achieved. Thus, the NiO@graphene composite with 3D structure shows good application prospects as an alternative anode for advanced lithium ion batteries.

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