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For the piezoelectric layer/substrate structure with slowly varying inhomogeneous initial stress in the layer, the influence of the initial stress on the properties of Love wave propagation is studied. The Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximate approach is adopted for analytical derivations. Numerical results obtained for the BaTiO 3 layer/borosilicate glass substrate combination system indicate that, under certain conditions, initial stress in the layer can markedly affect the propagation of the Love wave. The analysis is meaningful for the theoretical analysis and engineering applications of Love waves.