Nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) is an important transcription factor. While the NF-kB signaling pathway is modulated by many microRNAs (miRNAs), very few have been reported to target NF-kB1 gene directly. In this study, we used multiple miRNA target prediction programs to predict miRNAs with putative NF-kB1 3 0 -untranslated region (UTR) binding sites. miR-183 was strongly implicated and experimentally validated by reporter assays. The results showed a reduced expression of the NF-kB1 3 0 UTR containing luciferase vector by ∼30%, which was comparable to the reduction by miR-9 (the only known miRNA targeting the NF-kB1 3 0 UTR). Mutagenesis of the miR-183 seed region binding sequence in the NF-kB1 3 0 UTR abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-183, as noted by the NF-kB1 3 0 UTRcontaining reporter. Moreover, similar to miR-9, miR-183 could down-regulate the expression of the reporter driven by NF-kB promoter to some degree, suggesting that miR-183 might negatively regulate the endogenous NF-kB1. Overall, our data provide computational and experimental evidence that NF-kB1 is a potential target of miR-183.
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