Marine adhesion organism includes biological mucosa such as marine bacteria, diatom, etc. and large adhesion organism such as mussel, barnacle, etc. Researches and analysis on adhesion mechanism of adhesion organism show that adhesion marine bacteria in biological mucosa will secrete protein-containing Polysaccharide polymer (PAVE) which can adhere to all kinds of surfaces. The reason is that in these secretions there is 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) which is very viscous. Analysis on mussel, a large adhesion organism, shows that it is of super viscosity, which may result from its special molecular structure and the interaction way with substrates, and interstrand crosslink mediated by DOPA. DOPA plays an important role in this process. For marine bacteria and mussel, their viscosity is correlated with the generation and cross-linking of DOPA. On one hand, DOPA can enhance the viscosity of adhesion organism; on the other hand, it can improve the internal cohesion through cross-linking.
To gain good environmental reagent with no or lower phosphor in controlling corrosion and scale inhibition. We have researched the following contents: On the base of the conventional oxidation method, microwave radiation was used to the three oxidation process: DAPS (namely dialdehyde potato starch) was made with potato-starch oxidated by NaIO4, then carboxylated to make Carboxyl Potato Starch (CPS), furthermore, phosphorylated to obtain Oxidation Phosphate Potato Starch (OPPS), and researched the properties of controlling corrosion and scale inhibition of OPPS with or without microwave loading. And draw the following results:Not only was the oxidation rate of OPPS increased by microwave loading, but also the whole oxidation time was shorten from Sixteen hours and thirty minutes to one and half an hour comparing with the conventional oxidation way without microwave loading. Furthermore, the crustation inhibitor rate of OPPS to incrustant formed by calcium carbonate reached over ninety percent when temperature changed from seventy to eighty degrees, and the controlling corrosion rate of OPPS to brass H62 and Carbon-steel Q235 reached over ninety percent when the concentration of OPPS was altered from 120 to 200 milligram per litre, which were all higher than that of the contrast team. Moreover, the phosphorus content of OPPS is poor than that of the other universal reagents such as HEDP (namely two hydroxy ethidene phosphonic acid) and ATMP (namely amino three methylene phosphonic acid).
In this manuscript, we systematically investigated the effect of hypochlorous acid on adhesion of biofouling marine bacteria and diatom utilizing the sea water antifouling electrolysis method. Results showed that when current density was 20 mA/cm2, HClO could block 99.98% of the adhesion of marine bacteria after 3 days, 100% of diatom adhesion after 7 days and 97.28% of diatom adhesion after 70 days of 8h/ day electrolysis, suggesting that hypochlorous acid could effectively block the adhesion of marine bacteria and diatom.
Reclaim of large amounts of nitrogen oxides wasstudied which was produced in the production process of adipate in ChongqingChemical Industry Co. Ltd. The waste gas first was cooled, then into theabsorption tower through the compressor, most of the nitrous gas was absorbedout in the form of nitric acid after treated by three absorption towers. Weresearched gas composition at the gateway of recycling equipment by gaschromatograph, and which showed that all NO, NO2and nitric acid gas werealmost absorbed out, while N2O without being absorbed was eventuallyemissions into the atmosphere at the allowed concentration range. The research resultsshowed that could recycle 33,000 tons of nitric acid and saved 60 million yuan RMBfor the company every year after treating by the recycling equipment, whichfully embodied the economic value and environmental significance, and put out anew target of treating nitrous oxide gas.
Adopting BYLP method in Density Functional Theory (DFT), we make theoretical study on the ozonide-orthophenylphenol, parachlorophenol, orthobenzoquinone and parabenzoquinone in the two reaction routes of phenol oxidizing into benzoquinone with ozone. We get the geometric configuration of molecules, charge distribution of atoms, thermodynamical properties and frontier orbit energy. Natural Bond Orbital(NBO)charge calculation shows that compared with orthobenzoquinone and parabenzoquinone molecules, phenol, orthophenylphenol and parachlorophenol molecules have stronger reactivity and they are more likely to have electrophilic substitution reaction. Thermodynamic properties indicate that phenol is easy to have oxidation reaction and produce orthophenylphenol which is easily to oxidize into orthobenzoquinone no matter at low temperature, room temperature or high temperature. Another reaction pathwaycalculation shows that in thermodynamics, phenol will not easily ozonize into parachlorophenol; while parachlorophenol will easily ozonize into parabenzoquinone. Frontier orbit energy calculation shows that phenol, orthophenylphenol, and parachlorophenol show similar stability. Orthobenzoquinone and parabenzoquinone have the strongest stability.
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