3D printing, i.e., additive manufacturing, is being progressively applied in lithium batteries to fabricate various electrodes and electrolytes due to its precisely designing the structure from nanoscale to macroscale. By...
Atomic-level structure engineering
is an effective strategy to
reduce mechanical degradation and boost ion transport kinetics for
battery anodes. To address the electrode failure induced by large
ionic radius of K+ ions, herein we synthesized Mn-doped
ZnSe with modulated electronic structure for potassium ion batteries
(PIBs). State-of-the-art analytical techniques and theoretical calculations
were conducted to probe crystalline structure changes, ion/electron
migration pathways, and micromechanical stresses evolution mechanisms.
We demonstrate that the heterogeneous adjustment of the electronic
structure can relieve the potassiumization-induced internal strain
and improve the structural stability of battery anodes. Our work highlights
the importance of the correlation between doping chemistry and mechanical
stability, inspiring a pathway of structural engineering strategy
toward a highly stable PIBs.
Hard carbon (HC) has attracted considerable attention in the application of sodium-ion battery (SIB) anodes, but the poor realistic capacity and low rate performance severely hinder their practical application. Herein we report a solvent mechanochemical protocol for the in situ fabrication of the HC-MXene/TiO 2 electrode by functionalizing MXene to improve the electrochemical performance of the batteries. MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups reacts with HC particles in the ball milling process to form a Ti−O−C covalent cross-linked HC-MXene composite, in which the edge of the MXene nanosheets is in situ oxidized by air to form TiO 2 nanorods, forming a regular 1D/2D MXene/TiO 2 heterojunction structure. Ti− O−C covalent bonding can protect the heterojunction structures from pulverization and detachment from the current collector during charge/discharge cycles due to sodium-ion intercalation/detachment, thus improving the stability of the electrode structure. Meanwhile, the MXene/TiO 2 heterojunction can form a 3D conductive network and provide more active sites. The resulting HC-MXene/TiO 2 electrode exhibits superior electrode capacity (660 mAh g −1 ), making it a promising anode material for SIBs. This simple and efficient method for preparing MXene/TiO 2 heterojunction-decorated HC provides a new perspective on the structural design of MXene and carbon material composites for SIBs. KEYWORDS: hard carbon, Ti 3 C 2 T x , TiO 2 nanorods, ball milling, sodium-ion batteries
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