In recent years, owing to the shortage of oil and gas resources and increasing difficulty in mining, traditional (wired) microseismic monitoring equipment has been unable to meet the needs of energy exploitation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new high-precision seismic exploration and data acquisition systems. In this study, we combined advanced acquisition systems with wireless technology to develop a new wireless microseismic acquisition system. The hardware circuit of the acquisition system mainly includes a data acquisition board and a main control board. High-precision analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering technologies are used to provide data with high signalto-noise ratios, resolution, and fidelity to the acquisition stations. Key technologies were integrated into the ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) of the main control board: reliable GPS technology was employed to realize synchronous acquisitions among various acquisition stations, and WIFI technology was used to achieve wireless data communication between acquisition stations and the central station, thus improving the data transmission speed and accuracy. After conducting a series of evaluation tests, it was found that the system was stable, convenient to use, and had high data accuracy, therefore providing significant support for the solution to problems encountered in current oil and gas exploration processes, such as the complicated environment and inconvenient construction.
A large number of shallow fossil fuel energy sources have been exhausted, including coal, oil, natural gas, and other non-renewable energy sources with rapid industrial development. The mining of fossil fuel energy has gradually shifted to the deep layers of the stratum, where safety is more difficult to guarantee. As a result, the development of a data acquisition system that can be used for microseismic monitoring and disaster prediction is imminent. In this study, in order to complete the design of a highprecision acquisition circuit, main control circuit, and other hardware circuits, the authors developed a set of high-precision distributed wireless microseismic acquisition stations, which was combined with threecomponent geophones to complete a microseismic monitoring system. This monitoring system was then verified through on-site work during the construction of a coal mine in China. This paper focuses on a detailed analysis of the data collected by the acquisition stations. Firstly, twelve sets of acquisition stations were used to conduct fixed-location blasting tests of the mine, which yielded good test results. Secondly, an analysis of microseismic monitoring data obtained during deep-well fracturing was carried out, and prefracturing static monitoring, carbon dioxide monitoring, fracturing monitoring, and post-fracturing static monitoring were also completed. This paper provides a detailed introduction to fracturing monitoring data of mines, combining discussions on the other three types of mine monitoring to reach relevant conclusions.
Traditional geophysical prospecting instruments cannot fulfill the requirements of deep energy prospecting. The instruments that measure single physical quantities, such as seismic and electrical instruments, have certain limitations. Moreover, the time period required for traditional instruments to collect, acquire, and process data is too long. To address these issues, a hybrid seismic-electrical data acquisition system based on cloud technology and green IoT was proposed and developed. A seismic analog acquisition circuit and an electrical analog acquisition circuit were designed, and the control module was designed and debugged. The system is equipped with a wireless module connected to a wireless-to-4G/5G module, which uploads the data collected by the hybrid seismic-electrical data acquisition station to the cloud platform. The background master control center completes the rapid processing of geophysical data using the robust storage and computing capabilities of the cloud. Meanwhile, it sends control commands to the cloud to control the acquisition system. This system has completed simultaneous prospecting of multiple physical quantities and achieved rapid monitoring through cloud technology. Finally, the system was used to perform fracture monitoring and a comparison of two mines in Daqing City, Heilongjiang Province. The monitoring results were satisfactory. Thus, the presented system can play a role in seismic-electrical prospecting, and can be applied to actual engineering endeavors quickly and reliably. INDEX TERMS 4G/5G, cloud platform, geophysics, hybrid seismic-electrical,green IoT.
Abstract. In the past few decades, with the continuous advancement of technology, seismic-electrical instruments have developed rapidly. However, complex and harsh exploration environments have put forward higher requirements and severe challenges for traditional geophysical exploration methods and instruments. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to develop new high-precision exploration instruments and data acquisition systems. In this study, a new distributed seismic-electrical hybrid acquisition station is developed using system-on-a-programmable-chip (SoPC) technology. The acquisition station hardware includes an analog board and a main control board. The analog board uses a signal conditioning circuit and a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADS1271) to achieve high-precision data acquisition, while the main control board uses a low-power SoPC chip to enable high-speed stable data transmission. Moreover, the data transmission protocol for the acquisition station was designed, an improved low-voltage differential signaling data transmission technology was independently developed, and a method to enhance the precision of synchronous acquisition was studied in depth. These key technologies, which were developed for the acquisition station, were integrated into the SoPC of the main control board. Testing results indicate that the synchronization precision of the acquisition station is better than 200 ns, and the maximum low-power data transmission speed is 16 Mbps along a 55 m cable. Simultaneously, the developed acquisition station has the advantages of low noise, large dynamic range, low power consumption, etc., and it can achieve high-precision hybrid acquisition of seismic-electrical data.
Abstract. New energy acquisition devices are urgently required to address the increasing global energy consumption and increasing difficulty of energy exploitation. Devices for seismic exploration appear to be small in size, wireless and rapidly becoming more intelligent; hence, a traditional operating platform can no longer satisfy the demand of portable exploration device usage. This study investigates and develops hardware for a wireless microseismic acquisition station, then uses this hardware as a platform to address the distribution of wireless microseismic acquisition stations and deliver monitoring software based on the Android platform, which is portable, popular and has a large number of users. In large-scale field constructions, software can provide operators with visualised station layouts throughout the process, including positioning, ranging, angle measuring and network monitoring. It also offers a real-time network for monitoring small- and medium-sized microseismic acquisition station arrays under construction as well as other functions, such as intelligent control and real-time data monitoring of the status of the acquisition station. A drainage blast monitoring test is conducted on the system, showing positively monitored data and accurate results in the inverse operation. Moreover, the software and hardware are proven to be highly stable and portable through a post-construction test, which can help enhance the field construction efficiency.
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