Machine-type communication (MTC) is a very important application of the Internet of things. It has a vast market and application scenarios. However, supporting a large number of low-power devices transmission is an important issue in long-term evolution/long-term evolution advanced (LTE/LTE-A) networks. Specifically, when a large number of machine-type communication devices (MTCDs) with low-power consumption requirements simultaneously request access to the LTE/LTE-A networks, each MTCD needs an independent complete access authentication process with core network, which may cause a serious signaling congestion in the core network. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel group authentication protocol with privacy-preserving for MTC in the LTE/LTE-A networks. The proposed protocol cannot only simultaneously authenticate a group of MTCDs and minimize the signaling overhead but also provide robust privacy-preserving for each MTCD (including anonymity, unlinkability, and traceability). In particular, our scheme can avoid denial of service attack by filtering some illegal devices in the first four procedures of the mutual authentication. Moreover, our scheme fulfills all the security requirements of the MTC in LTE/LTE-A networks. In addition, the formal verification by the ProVerif tool shows that the proposed scheme is secure against various malicious attacks, and the performance evaluation indicates that it achieves outstanding results in terms of signaling and computation overhead.
LEO constellation has received intensive research attention in the field of satellite communication. The existing centralized authentication protocols traditionally used for MEO/GEO satellite networks cannot accommodate LEO satellites with frequent user connection switching. This paper proposes a fast and efficient access verification protocol named BAVP by combining identitybased encryption and blockchain technology. Two different key management schemes with IBE and blockchain, respectively, are investigated, which further enhance the authentication reliability and efficiency in LEO constellation. Experiments on OPNET simulation platform evaluate and demonstrate the effectiveness, reliability, and fast-switching efficiency of the proposed protocol. For LEO networks, BAVP surpasses the well-known existing solutions with significant advantages in both performance and scalability which are supported by theoretical analysis and simulation results.
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