A TTM-based intervention programme was potentially effective in passive smoking prevention by improving knowledge, experiential and behavioural processes and self-efficacy among pregnant women and women with young children. A higher percentage of mothers with young children had progressed in stages of change post-intervention compared with pregnant women.

This strategy was consistent with the student nurses' preferred learning style and was used to correct their erroneous ethical conceptions, assisting in developing their ethical knowledge.

The experiences of end-of-life care by nurses in the pediatric intensive care unit are the subject of this systematic review. Six qualitative articles from three different countries were chosen for the review using methods from Joanna Briggs Institute. The themes discovered included the following: insufficient communication, emotional burden, moral distress from medical futility, strengthening resilience, and taking steps toward hospice. These themes are discussed in detail followed by recommendations for practice to assist nurses in their quest for a good death for their pediatric patients.

The findings regarding nurses' experiences of moral distress can be used to construct multifaceted policies and solutions and to incorporate ethical education in training programs.

Group discussion seemed to be able to enhance ethical consideration. Further research is required to determine whether the benefits of this approach can be translated into behavioural changes in practice.