The development of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud computing has greatly improved the living environment. The Building Research Institute of the Ministry of the Interior of Taiwan also utilizes smart building data to improve the intelligence and humanity of buildings and meet the needs of modern people in the smart-life era. The greenhouse effect, extreme weather, and smog make people more susceptible to weather conditions. To satisfy the health/comfort specifications required for buildings in Taiwan to be awarded smart building marks, technologies such as IoT, AI, and big data are imported to meet people's needs for a comfortable indoor living space. A temperature and humidity sensor, air quality sensor, and gas sensor are used to obtain the indoor physical environment index. An environmental control system for a smart household is established through Arduino in this study to provide a low-cost and highly smart environmental monitoring and sensing system. A micro-algorithm mechanism is used to start adjustable devices, and mobile phone interface apps are utilized to convey the environmental conditions in real time and regulate the operation of household appliances so as to improve the comfort of the indoor space and provide a comfortable and protective environment for work and living.
Because carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless and odorless gas, symptoms of CO poisoning are difficult to recognize, making CO a hidden killer in home environments. To prevent CO poisoning, we used artificial intelligence and Internet of Things (IoT) technology to develop a CO poisoning prevention system with the following functional features: (1) a CO sensor, which was installed in the bathroom at home and immediately activated to warn the household when the CO concentration was excessively high; (2) an electric window opener and a fan, which when activated performed forced ventilation and thereby reduced CO concentration; (3) a device that cut off the gas supply; (4) a Line application that notified family members and signaled the community management center to conduct emergency rescue operations; and (5) a mechanism for unlocking the door to allow people to enter for emergency rescue. The obtained results may help reduce the number of CO poisoning cases and casualties in the winter in Taiwan.
Today's world places increasing emphasis on comfort within living spaces. The growth in awareness of energy conservation and environmental preservation has gradually contributed to the widespread use of smart home control systems. In this study, data related to human comfort conditions were compiled, and the control of smart devices in home environments was explored. Specifically, information communication technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) were combined to create a smart control system that creates a comfortable, energy-conserving home environment through the concurrent monitoring of both indoor and outdoor environmental data. If the outdoor indicators are ideal (denoting a comfortable environment) but the indoor indicators are not ideal (denoting an uncomfortable environment), the system opens a window to allow the incorporation of favorable outdoor environmental factors into the indoor environment. When the outdoor environment is uncomfortable, the window is closed to prevent the infiltration of unfavorable outdoor environmental factors. When the indoor indicators are nonideal, various types of equipment are activated according to the detection values. For example, when the humidity level is overly high, the dehumidifier is turned on. When the concentration of particulate matter with a diameter of < 2.5 µm is overly high, the air purifier is turned on. When the temperature is too high or low, the air conditioner is turned on, and when the CO 2 concentration is too high, the fan is turned on for ventilation. The values detected by each sensor and the operating conditions of each device are also displayed on the screen for the reference of the user, who can adjust the threshold values to their preferences.
The COVID-19 pandemic broke out in early 2020, and the infection rate of COVID-19 variants is considerably higher than that of the original virus. The pandemic is still spreading globally. In June 2021, two families living on different floors of a building in Fongshan, Kaohsiung, were simultaneously infected with COVID-19. Investigation results suggested that an elevator in buildings was the most likely place where the virus transmission occurred. Building elevators are a necessary vertical transportation facility for residents or workers in high-rise buildings, and people touch elevator buttons while operating elevators. When a passenger carrying the virus touches elevator buttons, subsequent passengers may be easily infected if they touch those buttons and then touch their mouth, eyes, or nose by accident before sanitizing or washing their hands. In this study, we developed a contact-free elevator ride system by applying smart speech recognition, contact-free perceptual buttons, gesture recognition sensors, and a web page browser activated by quick response codes to operate an elevator. This system reduces the risk of virus infection caused by contact during an elevator ride, effectively enhancing pandemic prevention and protecting people’s health.
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