There has been considerable increase in maxillofacial and orbital injuries due to road traffic accidents, falls and assaults. There is need for accurate detection of these maxillofacial bony fractures. MDCT is the method of choice in the evaluation of maxillofacial traumas, as it allows accurate determination of the presence, location and extent of fractures especially in cases of communited fractures, rotational deformities and multiple bone fractures also having advantage to diagnose even in patients with facial edema, lacerations and altered sensorium. PURPOSE: The objective of the study is to compare axial, coronal and 3D reformatted CT images for the study of maxillofacial and orbital fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Multislice CT scan was done for 131 patients attending BTGH Gulbarga with history of maxillofacial and orbital trauma during the period of December 2012 to September 2014 using Philips Brilliance 6 slice CT scanner. RESULTS: Majority of the patients were males (85.5%) belonged to age group of 21-30 years (42%). Most common cause of maxillofacial trauma was road traffic accident (78.6%). Fractures of nasal bones were most common followed by walls of maxillary sinuses and least common fractured bone was cribriform plate. Most common type of complex fracture was naso-ethmoido-orbital complex fracture followed by zygomaticomaxillary complex. Lateral wall of the orbit was most commonly fractured followed by medial wall and floor. DISCUSSION: Axial CT was better in diagnosing anterior maxillary wall, zygomatic arch fractures. Coronal CT was better in detecting orbital floor, Orbital roof, Pterygoid plate fractures, Classification of Le Fort fractures and orbital floor blow out fractures. 3D CT was slightly better to 2D CT in evaluating anterior maxillary wall fractures and frontal bone fractures. 2D and 3D CT were almost similar in evaluating fractures of nasal bone, zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch fractures. 3D CT was inferior to 2D in medial wall of maxillary sinus, medial wall of orbit, pterygoid plate fractures. CONCLUSION: MDCT offers excellent spatial resolution, which in turn enables exquisite multiplanar reformations and 3-D reconstructions allowing enhanced diagnostic accuracy and surgical planning.

Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a specialized magnetic resonance imaging technique that depends on the random movement of water molecules within and between the intracellular and extracellular spaces. Regions with restricted mobility of water molecules yield a greater DW-MRI signal and appear bright. In apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps, regions that contain high water mobility appear bright. PURPOSE: The objectives of the study were to describe the imaging characteristics of intra cranial lesions on DWI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive MR Study was undertaken in 115 patients detected to have intracranial lesions. In all these patients the DWI findings were noted. RESULTS: In this study all cases (100%) of acute infarcts showed true diffusion restriction. 13% of acute infarcts showed no signal change on T2W images. The rest were hyperintense on T2WI. 50% of sub-acute infarcts and none of the chronic infarcts showed diffusion restriction. All cases of subacute and chronic infarcts were hyperintense on T2WI. 100% of cases of HII showed restricted diffusion while only 75% of them showed abnormal signal on T2WI All cases of abscesses showed diffusion restriction. Extradural empyema showed restricted diffusion. 40% cases of glioblastoma multiforme showed true restricted diffusion while none of the low grade gliomas or anaplastic astrocytomas showed diffusion restriction. Diffusion restriction was also noted in 75% of medulloblastomas and 50% of lymphomas. Among extra axial tumors, 33% of meningiomas showed diffusion restriction. All cases of arachnoid cysts showed low signal on DWI while epidermoid cysts showed restricted diffusion. Demyelination and PRES did not show restricted diffusion. CONCLUSION: DWI is a highly sensitive technique in the detection of acute infarcts and in Characterizing infarcts as acute, subacute and chronic. DWI is a sensitive modality for detecting HII and shows the extent of involvement better than T2WI. Presence of diffusion restriction is a useful method of differentiating abscesses from necrotic or cystic neoplasms. Highly cellular tumors such as lymphomas, medulloblastoma and meningioma may show restricted diffusion. Arachnoid cysts can be differentiated from epidermoid cysts by the presence of low signal on DWI.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESThe necessity for scrotal ultrasound scanning is when clinical examination does not identify any significant abnormality. For patients presenting with a scrotal mass, it is critical to determine whether the mass is intra-or extra-testicular. High Resolution Ultrasonography (HRUS) combined with Colour Doppler Ultrasonography (CDUS) has become the imaging modality of choice for evaluating scrotal diseases. US is helpful in differentiating extra-from intratesticular lesions. US provides excellent anatomic detail; when colour Doppler and power Doppler imaging are added testicular perfusion can be assessed.

Visualization of the pancreas was far better by CT than by ultrasound. Ultrasound had certain limitation. Due to bowel gas the pancreas may not be visualized. Extra pancreatic spread of inflammation and vascular complications was not always picked up by Ultrasonography. These limitations were overcome with the use of CT which yielded more diagnostic information in the evaluation of acute pancreatitis. CT is a confirmative investigation in diagnosis and staging of acute pancreatitis. MCTSI is a very useful tool for the screening of patients with acute pancreatitis for the classification of severity accurately and to predict the clinical outcome. OBJECTIVES OF STUDY: To determine the value of computed tomography in evaluation of early diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. To evaluate the complications using computed tomography severity index. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 100 patients with clinical suspicion of acute pancreatitis, altered biochemical parameters (Serum amylase, Serum lipase) in favor of acute pancreatitis, ultrasonography suggestive of acute pancreatitis and complications known case of chronic pancreatitis with features of acute symptoms who were referred to the department of Radiodiagnosis, Basaveshwar teaching & General Hospital, Kalaburagi. Before evaluating a patient by CT imaging, informed consent was obtained from the patient or guardian. The patient were informed about the radiation exposure in the examination. CT was carried out using Philips 6 slice scanner. Scan was obtained with both plain and contrast study. RESULT: 100 patients were included in the study. 83% patients were males and 17% patients were females. Majority of patients belonged to 31-40 yrs. of age group. Alcohol was the most common cause of acute pancreatitis. 73 patients had positive ultrasound finding while CT was positive in all cases. According to, MCTSI 63 patients had moderate, 26 patients had mild and 11 patients had severe pancreatitis.