Lateral aberrant ectopic thyroid is very rare, comprising only 1%–3% of all the ectopic thyroid tissue. Clinically, these lesions are mistaken for lymph node swelling or metastatic tumour. Primary carcinoma in lateral aberrant ectopic thyroid with normal active native thyroid is very uncommon. We report a case of papillary carcinoma in lateral aberrant ectopic thyroid tissue, with a completely normal native thyroid gland in a 53-year-old man, who presented with a massive swelling in the lateral aspect of the neck clinically and radiologically diagnosed as a malignant soft tissue tumour with differential diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed metastatic papillary carcinoma. In toto excision of the soft tissue mass along with subtotal thyroidectomy was performed. Histology of the mass revealed papillary carcinoma of lateral aberrant ectopic thyroid, while the thyroid gland did not show evidence of malignancy. The postsurgical period was uneventful, and the patient underwent radioiodine ablation.
Endometriosis is a disease seen in 10-15% of reproductive age women, which involves the pelvic cavity. The urinary tract is affected in 1% cases of pelvic endometriosis, while 0.1-0.4% of ureteric endometriosis which is extremely rare. Ureteric endometriosis poses a diagnostic challenge, as it can be asymptomatic or can present as renal colic. It can lead to a severe burden on kidneys like hydroureteronephrosis, renal atrophy, and irreversible renal failure. Authors report an extremely rare case of ureteric endometriosis in a postmenopausal female, who presented with complaints of lower backache. Radiologically diagnosed as neoplastic ureteric stricture.
Adrenal hemangiomas are rare vascular tumors. These are benign, mostly nonfunctioning and asymptomatic. Cavernous adrenal hemangiomas are more common in the elderly, with female preponderance. A computed tomography (CT) scan can diagnose their benign nature. Most cases are managed surgically, and laparoscopy is the most common approach followed nowadays.A young female presented with nausea, pain, and a vague mass palpable in the right abdomen. With CT findings favoring benign lesion or nonfunctioning adenoma but symptomatic, the patient had to undergo diagnostic laparoscopy and adrenalectomy. Adrenal hemangiomas are rare lesions. Moreover, involving a young female further makes their diagnosis difficult. Hence, they must be kept as one of the differential diagnosis in evaluation of adrenal mass in young females.
Pleomorphic carcinoma is a very rare subtype of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma. It is an aggressive primary lung carcinoma that accounts for about <0.4% of lung tumors. The tumor usually recurs, resulting in a poor prognosis even after complete resection. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of an advanced pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung which was incidentally detected on autopsy as pulmonary tuberculosis. This patient did not have any clinical manifestations of either malignancy or tuberculosis when he was alive. This is extremely rare, being it an aggressive carcinoma that presents without any apparent symptoms.
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