The first decade of the twenty-first century saw the chants of the rise of an Indian superpower. These claims of the twenty-first century as India’s century were not only based on the massive economic growth that the country saw in the post-1991 liberalisation period, and the concomitant boost in military infrastructure, but also by virtue of its having the biggest functional democracy, an influential multi-million plus diaspora, the sway of Bollywood in the region and abroad and the spectacular religious-linguistic diversity of the country. From conducting mega disaster-relief operations during the 2004 tsunami to effectuating the world’s largest civil evacuation during Operation Rahat, India has ceaselessly augmented its soft power potential to project its national power in the region. This article is an attempt to analyse the possibilities and challenges that India faces in the effective functioning of its soft power in the region. It also remarks as to how India’s soft power limitations can be quashed by integrating a smart power approach in its foreign policy by strengthening existent digital and public diplomacy infrastructure.
This paper presents an ultra-low-power low-voltage Class-AB Fully Differential Operational Amplifier designed in 45-nm CMOS technology. The proposed circuit uses transistors operating in sub-threshold region for low-power and low-voltage operation.The proposed Op Amp offers an open-loop gain of 74.6 dB, 1 MHz unity gain frequency, 50-degrees Phase Margin, and 91.55 dB common-mode rejection ratio for 10 pF loads with a power consumption of 0.39 μW at a ±0.4 V supply. Simulation results illustrate a Slew Rate of 0.013 V/us and a rail-to-rail output swing, demonstrating its correct functionality.
Since the September 2016 attack in Uri, Indo-Pak relations have steadily gotten worse. India cites Pakistan-sponsored terrorism in Kashmir as the major reason for this deterioration, with the 14 February 2019 bombing at Pulwama as the most recent dramatic example; Pakistan blames Indian atrocities in Kashmir. But after every attempt to initiate dialogue, there is a return to hostility. This paper analyzes this cyclical pattern of dialogue, estrangement, and hostility in Indo-Pak relations. Further, it seeks to explain the structural, ideational, and strategic aspects of the problem and to outline a course correction in Indian foreign policy.
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