Introduction: Adolescence is the transitional phase of growth and development between childhood and adulthood with ages ranging from 10 to 19 years. Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) services are the centers where adolescents can get access to their queries regarding health of both physical as well as psychological aspect. The objective of the study was to find out the knowledge and perception regarding ASRH services among adolescents attending a tertiary level hospital. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out among 112 adolescents attending adolescent clinic using a pretested structured interview schedule. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 through descriptive statistical method and Inferential statistical methods. Results: The study revealed majority (58.0%) of respondents had moderate level of knowledge regarding ASRH (Mean value 68.89 ± 14.59 S. D). Respondent’s had high perception towards programmatic domain. Almost all (97.3%) of the respondents had positive perception towards ASRH services. There was no statistical significance between the level of knowledge and perception, level of knowledge and sociodemographic variables at 95% confidence level. Conclusions: The study concludes that adolescents have moderate level of knowledge regarding ASRH. Adolescents have an overall positive perception towards the ASRH services but they have negative perception towards the facility of ASRH services in comparison to programmatic domain.

Background and aims: Organ transplant is often the only viable treatment option for various end stage organ failures. Inadequacy of organ procurement from living as well as cadaveric donors is common, more so in developing countries. The aim of this study was to find out the knowledge and attitude regarding organ transplantation. Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among 150 respondents, who were the visitors of patients admitted to ICU of three tertiary care centres in Kathmandu. Results: Majority of the respondents were male 105 (70%) and 132 (88%) were aware about organ transplant. Likewise, 111 respondents (84.1%) hold the belief that organ transplant save lives. Ninety-four of the responses (34.8%) believe that media was the source of knowledge and 121 (91.7 %) of the respondents stated that organ transplant should be promoted. Majority of them, 80 of the total respondents (60.6%) believed that organ can be donated by both living and deceased donors and 111 (84.1%) of them believed that organ transplant save lives. While 88 of the respondents (66.7%) have heard about brain death, 60 of them (45.4%) believe that there is an organ transplant act in Nepal. Out of all respondents who are aware about transplantation, 91 of them (68.9%) have opinion that they are willing to donate the organ of their beloved ones should there be a situation of brain death. Conclusions: The study concludes that respondents have adequate knowledge regarding organ transplantation. Respondents have overall positive attitude towards organ donation and transplantation.

Introduction: Rampant use of electronic based devices like television, mobile phones, gaming consoles, computers, etc. disregarding the beneficial effects of physical activity, social interaction, sleep and academic performance result in deficit of psychological well-being of children. The aim of our study was about screen use in Nepalese children and the relationship of screen time with behavioral problems in primary school students. In this study we collected important information based on our objectives on primary school students in our context and to avail the information to clinicians, parents, guardians, educators, policy makers and all those involved. Methodology:  This study was done in Budhanilkantha municipality of Kathmandu district, Nepal. One community school and one private school were randomly selected from a list of schools. Data was collected from all primary school students of these schools with the help of questionnaires filled by parents. Screen _me and different socio demographic factors that might affect screen time was assessed with the help of questionnaires filled by parents. Behavioral problems were assessed using parent-filled Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 24 for windows. Result: Our study sample contained 314 primary school students. 52.5% of them were from private school and 47.5% from community school. The mean daily screen time was 1.96 hours, and more than one-fourth of the students had daily screen time of more than two hours per day. Higher number of televisions in the house, presence of computer in the house, more frequent screen use while having meals, higher frequency of screen use with parents, having father with university degree were the factors having statistically significant association with higher screen time of children. Students with daily screen time of more than two hours per day had higher internalizing problem score (8.93±3.453), higher externalizing problem score (9.28±3.885) and total problem score (18.21±6.253) compared to those with screen time of two hours or less (6.97±3.285, 6.10±3.398, 13.07±5.402 respectively). The difference between the groups were statistically significant on all three scales on Mann Whitney U-test (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 for internalizing, externalizing and total problem score respectively). Conclusion:  The higher screen time in children was significantly associated with higher behavioral problems. Our study findings re-emphasized the need to follow the guidelines and recommendations set by international regulatory bodies as well as develop guidelines on our own on limiting screen time in children for betterment of psychological wellbeing of children.

Background: Cardiac arrest is a common cause of morbidity and mortality. In out-of-hospital setting, early recognition of cardiac arrest and bystander-initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves both the chance of survival and quality of life. Objectives: The study aimed to explore awareness regarding cardiac arrest and knowledge of CPR among visitors of patients at a tertiary level hospital. Design: Cross sectional study. Method: The validated and tested self-administered questionnaire were distributed among 394 visitors of the patients admitted at Alka Hospital Pvt. Ltd, Lalitpur, Nepal. Results: Our study demonstrated that 221 (56.1%) of the respondents have knowledge regarding CPR and 201 (51.0%) of respondents have awareness about cardiac arrest through medias (37.8%) like movies and television. We found a significant difference among age group, occupation and geographical location regarding awareness of cardiac arrest. People with greater age and education knew better about cardiac arrest. There was, however, no significant difference amongst groups regarding knowledge of CPR. Very little respondents have heard about automated external defibrillators (AED). Conclusions: There is paucity in knowledge of cardiac arrest and CPR among respondents. Similarly, there is a general lack of knowledge regarding AED. Effective programs to raise the awareness of cardiac arrest and knowledge of CPR needs to be undertaken at the community level to reinforce bystander-initiated CPR and potentially save lives in the scenario of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2022; 10(2): 82-87