Young blood plasma is known to confer beneficial effects on various organs in mice. However, it was not known whether young plasma rejuvenates cells and tissues at the epigenetic level; whether it alters the epigenetic clock, which is a highly-accurate molecular biomarker of aging. To address this question, we developed and validated six different epigenetic clocks for rat tissues that are based on DNA methylation values derived from n=593 tissue samples. As indicated by their respective names, the rat pan-tissue clock can be applied to DNA methylation profiles from all rat tissues, while the rat brain-, liver-, and blood clocks apply to the corresponding tissue types. We also developed two epigenetic clocks that apply to both human and rat tissues by adding n=850 human tissue samples to the training data. We employed these six clocks to investigate the rejuvenation effects of a plasma fraction treatment in different rat tissues. The treatment more than halved the epigenetic ages of blood, heart, and liver tissue. A less pronounced, but statistically significant, rejuvenation effect could be observed in the hypothalamus. The treatment was accompanied by progressive improvement in the function of these organs as ascertained through numerous biochemical/physiological biomarkers and behavioral responses to assess cognitive functions. Cellular senescence, which is not associated with epigenetic aging, was also considerably reduced in vital organs. Overall, this study demonstrates that a plasma-derived treatment markedly reverses aging according to epigenetic clocks and benchmark biomarkers of aging.
Objectives: Mouth ulcer is a rupture or breaks in the oral mucosal membrane and it leads to atrophy and ulcers in the oral cavity. It increases the risk of infections with the Candida species Inherited trauma and aphthous stomatitis, a disorder characterised by the recurrent production of oral ulcers for unknown reasons, are the most common causes of oral ulceration. Study Design: This study aimed to develop two separates buccal mucoadhesive films, using model drug deglycyrrhizinated liquorice and chlorhexidine gluconate. The film was assessed for weight, thickness, pH, folding endurance, swelling index, mucoadhesive force, % moisture content, drug uniformity, in vitro release of drug, anti-microbial effect including anti-inflammatory activity and scanning electron microscopy. The developed formulations we re-evaluated for surface pH, folding endurance, swelling index, mucoadhesive force, and percentage moisture loss. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that the developed oral films were having good anti-inflammatory activity with an anti-microbial effect.
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