Aiming at the unsatisfactory performance of the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the optimization process of complex problems and being easy to fall into premature convergence, a power law function to improve the weight value of the particle swarm algorithm is proposed in the paper. It is compared with the linearly decreasing weight particle swarm algorithm, and the test is performed on four typical single-peak and multi-peak functions. The test results show that the particle swarm optimization algorithm in this paper has a better optimization effect.