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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among pregnant women in rural Bangladesh, and examine the relationship between various factors and vitamin A status. Setting: Community Nutrition Promoter (CNP) centres in Kapasia sub-district of Gazipur district, Bangladesh. Design: A cross-sectional study. Subjects and methods: Two hundred women, aged 18-39 years, in their second or third trimester of pregnancy were selected from seventeen CNP centres in four unions of Kapasia sub-district where they usually visit for antenatal care. Various socio-economic, personal and pregnancy-related information, dietary intake of vitamin A and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) data were collected. Serum retinol (vitamin A) concentration was determined. Results: More than half (51 %) of the pregnant women had low vitamin A status (serum retinol ,1?05 mmol/l) with 18?5 % having VAD (serum retinol ,0?70 mmol/l). Fifty-three per cent of the women's vitamin A intake was less than the recommended dietary allowance. By multiple regression analysis, MUAC, per-capita expenditure on food and wealth index were found to have significant independent positive relationship with serum retinol concentration, while gestational age of the pregnant women had a negative relationship. The overall F-ratio (10?3) was highly significant (P 5 0?0001), the adjusted R 2 was 0?18 (multiple R 5 0?45).

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IgG4-RD is associated with diverse thoracic CT findings and a decreased diffusion capacity, and careful multidisciplinary assessment is needed to enable differentiation of IgG4-RD from lymphoproliferative disorders.

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