Two varieties of Zn-smectite were synthesized hydrothermally: sauconite, with an ideal composition of Na 0.4 Zn 3 (Si 3.6 Al 0.4 )O 10 (OH) 2 ·nH 2 O; and a Zn equivalent of hectorite, with an ideal composition of Na 0.4 (Li 0.4 Zn 2.6 )Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2 ·nH 2 O (referred to here as Zn-hectorite). For comparison, h y d r o t h e r m a l s y n t h e s i s o f t h e r e l a t e d t r i o c t a h e d r a l s m e c t i t e s o f h e c t o r i t e , Na 0.4 (Li 0.4 Mg 2.6 )Si 4 O l0 (OH) 2 ·nH 2 O and hectorites containing Cu, Co or Ni in the octahedral sheets instead of Mg were also attempted.The results showed that sauconite, Zn-hectorite and hectorite could be synthesized in the temperature range 100 1258C but hectorites containing Cu, Co or Ni in the octahedral sheet, under the same conditions or even at a temperature of 1508C, could not.
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