Vertebral metastases with lamina involvement tended to cause symptomatic MSCC. Latent development of MSCC occurred more frequently in the MTS compared with other levels of the thoracic and the cervical spine.
Except for locoregional failure, isolated brain failure was the most common initial failure pattern of stage III NSCLCs treated with radical CCRT. Isolated brain failure as the initial failure occurred even after 3 years. Isolated brain failure as the initial failure occurred more frequently in T4 cases than in T1-3 cases.
Purpose: We attempted to optimize scan parameters for T 1 -weighted 鈥皍id-attenuated inversion recovery (T 1 -FLAIR) sequence at 3 and 1.5 tesla (T) using computer simulation.Methods: We measured the T 1 and T 2 relaxation time values (T 1 v and T 2 v) of gray (GM) and white matter (WM) at 3 and 1.5T, generated computer-simulated T 1 -FLAIR (CS-T 1 -FLAIR) images using those values, and compared the simulated and actual T 1 -FLAIR images to verify the contrast reliability of our computer simulation. We mathematically and visually evaluated CS-T 1 -FLAIR images at various repetition times (TR) and echo times (TE).Results: At 3T, the measured relaxation values for GM were T 1 v, 1524 ms, and T 2 v, 85 ms, and for WM, T 1 v, 750 ms, and T 2 v, 65 ms. At 1.5T, the measured relaxation values for GM were T 1 v, 1251 ms, and T 2 v, 99 ms, and for WM, T 1 v, 623 ms, and T 2 v, 75 ms. Contrast of CS-T 1 -FLAIR and actual T 1 -FLAIR images was identical. An optimal TR of 3140 ms was determined for T 1 -FLAIR at 3T and 2440 ms at 1.5T based on mathematical evaluation. The optimal TR ranges were 2400 to 3900 ms at 3T and 1800 to 3200 ms at 1.5T based on visual assessment of CS-T 1 -FLAIR. A shorter TE provided better T 1 contrast.Conclusion: We optimized T 1 -FLAIR by focusing on its most important scan parameters using computer simulations and determined that a longer TR was suitable at 3T than at 1.5T. Our computer simulation was useful for determining the optimal scan parameters.
In patients who had undergone BCT and had had four or more PALNs, the major failure pattern was distant failure with or without locoregional failure; isolated supraclavicular failure as the initial failure comprised a less common failure pattern. Omission of prophylactic supraclavicular irradiation may be acceptable for this subset of patients.
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