Indoor air quality ventilation diminishes airborne respiratory and other transmission in hospitals. Airflow in associate medical care Unit (ICU) may be provided through natural mean and additionally by the assistance of mechanical ventilation. Natural ventilation might not be enough to satisfy the requirement of ventilation for associate degree ICU. In the present study, numerical simulation of the airflow pattern and contaminant movement using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been carried out for multiple bed hospital ICU with different inlet angles to examine path of contaminant transfer in the hospital. The measurement of air velocity is used as an input and standard k-ɛ turbulence model used in simulation work. Grid Independence Test (GIT) of hospital ICU has been carried out using high-quality tetrahedral unstructured mesh. In order to predict CFD simulations accurately, flow pattern has been validated using model of ICU with four bed and patient occupied with light source. Results shows that increasing rate of air flow change decreases the mean age of air. Importance of outlet position is high for transfer of contaminant particle from ICU.
Increasing concerns about the spread of airborne disease in hospital such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), chickenpox, measles, tuberculosis and novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) have attracted public attention. A present study was carried out to look for the source of contamination (patient itself) and examine the route of contaminant transfer in the hospital. This article provides recommendation for future work to improve the yield and save the energy consumption simultaneously. The risk of airborne infection can be minimized in hospital wards by using a high air change rate. The Local mean age of air will decrease with an increasing flow rate because the source must be considered to be constant. The location of the outlet openings plays an important role for the transfer of the contaminant particle in the hospital.
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