Introducing deterrents improves the thermal stability of nitrocellulose of propellant surface, but is accompanied with inevitable problems, such as migration, residue, smoke ame, and so on. In this paper, sodium carboxymethyl function groups were chemically grafted to nitrocellulose molecular chains by reaction of denitration and following etheri cation, which provide thermal stability, ame suppression ion without migration. Various structure characterizations were conducted and con rmed a sodium carboxymethyl-nitrocellulose (CMNC) was prepared successfully. The number of sodium carboxymethyl groups linked to nitrocellulose chains was affected by both denitration and etheri cation. The results showed that the thermal stability of CMNC improved with the increase of bearing sodium carboxymethyl groups and was better than that of original NC sample. Meanwhile, the thermal decomposition behaviors and decomposition products of CMNC are similar to that of NC at temperature of the rst DTG peak T 1 and that of CMC at temperatures of the second DTG peak T 2 . This work provided a way for designing gun propellant with progressive burning, anti-migration and ame suppression simultaneously.
The gun propellant is an inaccessible energy and fuel for projectile to achieve destructive capability in a weapon system. Nitrocellulose/nitroglycerine/triethylene glycol dinitrate(NC/NG/TEGDN) based gun propellant with higher energy level than single‐based gun propellant can meet the demands of modern warfare. Currently, deterring strategy is commonly used to improve the combustion progressivity of NC/NG/TEGDN based gun propellant, together with aggravating the harmful emission phenomena such as muzzle smoke and flame. Therefore, it is essential to design and fabricate NC/NG/TEGDN based gun propellant with both good combustion progressivity and low characteristic signal. In this work, a gradiently denitrated NC/NG/TEGDN based gun propellant was successfully prepared by denitration strategy, whose structure was confirmed by FT‐IR, Raman and SEM. Here, closed bomb vessel test and interior ballistic test were conducted. The results showed that the gradiently denitrated NC/NG/TEGDN based gun propellant exhibited better combustion progressivity and interior ballistic performance than raw gun propellant, and these properties can be controlled by modulating the degree of denitration. Meanwhile, the change laws of the muzzle smoke and flame of the gradiently denitrated NC/NG/TEGDN based gun propellant were investigated by the smoke box method and high‐speed photography. Furthermore, a lower characteristic signal for the gradiently denitrated NC/NG/TEGDN based gun propellant was found compared to the deterred gun propellant by theoretical calculations. This work provides a new idea for preparing and applying a gun propellant with excellent comprehensive performance, including high energy, good combustion progressivity and low characteristic signal.
Introducing deterrents improves the thermal stability of nitrocellulose of propellant surface, but is accompanied with inevitable problems, such as migration, residue, smoke flame, and so on. In this paper, sodium carboxymethyl function groups were chemically grafted to nitrocellulose molecular chains by reaction of denitration and following etherification, which provide thermal stability, flame suppression ion without migration. Various structure characterizations were conducted and confirmed a sodium carboxymethyl-nitrocellulose (CMNC) was prepared successfully. The number of sodium carboxymethyl groups linked to nitrocellulose chains was affected by both denitration and etherification. The results showed that the thermal stability of CMNC improved with the increase of bearing sodium carboxymethyl groups and was better than that of original NC sample. Meanwhile, the thermal decomposition behaviors and decomposition products of CMNC are similar to that of NC at temperature of the first DTG peak T1 and that of CMC at temperatures of the second DTG peak T2. This work provided a way for designing gun propellant with progressive burning, anti-migration and flame suppression simultaneously.
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