A combustible cartridge is a kind of porous composite material. It absorbs moisture easily, thus affecting its combustion performance. Usually, storage and protection methods of a combustible cartridge are based on multilayer coatings. However, increasing the number of coatings layers makes the coating process more complex and expensive. In this article, nano‐size titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles were grafted with poly (trifluoroethyl methacrylate). The fluorine‐containing nanocomposite material was used with nitrocellulose as the film‐forming material of a composite coating. Additives polysorbate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were separately used as a surfactant and antistatic agent. The final formula of coating was determined. Eventually, the multifunctional coating was deposited on the surface of a combustible cartridge using a spraying method to form the composite coating, and the preparation parameters of the composite coating were determined. Results demonstrate that the binary mixed solvent‐fluoropolymer composite coating on the surface of combustible cartridge can improve the mechanical properties and environmental adaptability. Moreover, the composite coating has no negative effects on the combustion performance of combustible cartridge, indicating a promising application in the coating of combustible cartridge to improve its environment adaptability. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:685–694, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers