Abstract-We consider the task of automatically predicting spirometry readings from cough and wheeze audio signals for asthma severity monitoring. Spirometry is a pulmonary function test used to measure forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) when a subject exhales in the spirometry sensor after taking a deep breath. FEV1%, FVC% and their ratio are typically used to determine the asthma severity. Accurate prediction of these spirometry readings from cough and wheeze could help patients to non-invasively monitor their asthma severity in the absence of spirometry. We use statistical spectrum description (SSD) as the cue from cough and wheeze signal to predict the spirometry readings using support vector regression (SVR). We perform experiments with cough and wheeze recordings from 16 healthy persons and 12 patients. We find that the coughs are better predictor of spirometry readings compared to the wheeze signal. FEV1%, FVC% and their ratio are predicted with root mean squared error of 11.06%, 10.3% and 0.08 respectively. We also perform a three class asthma severity level classification with predicted FEV1% and obtain an accuracy of 77.77%.
Context: Hair graying is one of the signs of human aging and is caused by a progressive loss of pigmentation from growing hair shafts. Studies have shown a correlation of early hair graying with osteopenia, indicating that premature graying could serve as an early marker of osteopenia. Aim: To compare the degree of osteopenia in individuals with premature graying of hair (PGH) compared to ordinary individuals. Settings and Design: We conducted an observational, case–control study among 132 healthy individuals between 18 and 30 years of age. Subjects and Methods: Detailed history and examination of PGH was taken. Bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed using Furuno CM-200 ultrasound bone densitometer. Statistical Analysis: SPSS 21 software was used, and the data were summarized in the form of mean ± standard deviation for quantitative values and percentages for qualitative values. Chi–square test, Student's t -test, analysis of variance, and other appropriate tests were applied for comparison, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: PGH was present in 82 (62.1%) cases, whereas osteopenia was present in 56 (42.4%) cases. The mean age of onset of graying of hair among the cases was 20.62 ± 3.74 years. A higher age group of 25–30 years ( P = 0.016) and family history of PGH ( P < 0.001) were significant risk factors for PGH. The mean BMD of the case group was 0.76 ± 1.00 and the control group was 0.68 ± 1.11, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.649). Conclusion: The study concluded that there is no significant association between osteopenia and PGH.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Pregnancy can present with various dermatoses which is divided into physiological and pathological dermatoses. These dermatoses have various effects on pregnancy and patient’s life. The objective was to study the various pathological dermatoses.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 1425 pregnant females attending dermatology, obstetrics and gynaecology Out Patient Department of Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital were included, out of this 275 presented with pathological dermatoses. Detailed history, examination and investigations were done. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0 (test).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Pathological dermatoses was seen in 275 pregnant females ranged between 18 to 45 years. Infections or infestations and STDs (53.5%) were the most common dermatological conditions followed by pregnancy specific dermatoses (24.7%), acne and folliculitis (7.6%), non-specific itching (5.8%) and other conditions (10.9%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pregnant females suffer from number of pregnancy dermatoses. A knowledge of the profile of dermatoses during pregnancy is essential to plan preventive measures, care of the mother and the child.</p>
Histoid leprosy is a rare kind of lepromatous leprosy with specific clinicopathologic manifestations.It usually follows treatment failure especially after dapsone monotherapy. Occasionally it occurs de novo without any history of inadequate or irregular treatment. We hereby report a case of de novo histoid leprosy in a 17 year old boy who presented with atypical features, including involvement of flexures, hypopigmented macules topped with nodules, and de novo occurrence.
Background: According to Global Burden of Skin Disease study data, 2013, Acne affects nearly 85% of adolescents and young adults in the age group 12-25 years.1 traditionally it was considered to be a transitory disease of teenagers and young adults; however recent study reports indicate it to be a disease affecting all age groups in adults. Aims: To study the clinical profile of adult acne, grade the severity using global acne grading system (GAGS) and to determine the proportion of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in women with adult acne. Material and Methods: Patients with acne in the age group of 25-60 years were included in the study. A detailed examination of clinical profile of acne was done along with grading of severity of acne using GAGS. Also, documentation of hyperandrogenism using Ferriman Gallwey score for hirsutism and diagnosis of PCOS using Rotterdam criteria was done in all female patients of acne. Results: A total of 105 patients were included in the study. Among these, 82.9% were women and 17.1% were men. The mean age of the patients was 28.04±3.60 years. Persistent acne was observed in 85.7%, while late onset in 14.3%. Most common site of involvement was cheek (98%), followed by chin (76%), and forehead (64.7%). Mild grade acne was observed in 93.3% patients. Hyperpigmentation was seen in 78.1% while scarring was observed in 52.4% patients. A total of 8% female patients had PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria. Conclusion: We found a predominance of females and persistent acne. Although the prevalence of PCOS was low in adult female acne patients, they were affected by more severe grades of acne and risk of hyperpigmentation and scarring was higher as compared to non-PCOS patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.