The present study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of some selected heterotrophic bacteria in one of the sewage lagoons and in the river Buriganga, which receives the sewage effluents from the sewage lagoons, with a view to evaluate the effect of sewage treatment. The heterotrophic plate count (HPC) ranged from 1.1 x 10 8 to 3.0 x 10 9 cfu/ml in sewage lagoon from January to December 2005. The HPC values ranged from 1.1 x 10 5 to 3.0 x 10 9 cfu/ml in the outfall of the sewage effluents and other sampling locations in the river Buriganga. The total and faecal coliform counts of the sewage lagoon and the discharge point in the river were always very high as >2.4 x 10 3 cfu/100 ml in all seasons as measured by the MPN method. Salmonellae were isolated occasionally, while vibrios were frequently isolated from all the sampling points from throughout the year. The MPN values of nitrifying bacteria were also estimated to compare with HPC values. Ammonium oxidizers ranged from 1.1 x 10 2 to 1.1 x 10 3 /ml in the sewage lagoon and 2.0 x 10 1 to 2.2 x 10 3 /ml in the river water. Nitrite oxidizers showed very low MPN values. This study suggests that the water of the river Buriganga was heavily polluted. It also suggests that the oxidation or self-purification system in the oxidation lagoons and subsequent treatment of the effluents were far from satisfactory level. Even the discharged sewage in the river Buriganga remains equally contaminated, which had been demonstrated by the presence of large number of pathogenic organisms. This poses health hazards to the users of the water from the river and also poses risks for the aquatic organisms of this water body.
Summary Differential staining with Giemsa, CMA and DAPI was compared in 2 forms of Anabas testudineus (non-spotted and spotted form). The somatic chromosome number of these forms was determined as 2nϭ46. The range of chromosomal length of non-spotted form and spotted form was 1.86-5.33 mm and 1.60-5.32 mm, respectively. It indicates the gradual decrease in chromosome length of both the forms. The centromeric formulae were 14 mϩ32 t in non-spotted form and 6 mϩ40 t in spotted form. More telocentric chromosomes are present in spotted form, thus it is relatively advanced. Facultative heterochromatins were found in the spotted form, it was absent in nonspotted 1. Only one CMA-band was found in non-spotted form, whereas 4 CMA-bands present in the spotted form. Absence of CMA-positive band in a member of pair VI indicates a small deletion of GC-rich repeats in the non-spotted form. The percentage of GC-rich repeats is much more in spotted form. Neither DAPI positive nor negative band could be detected in any form. Since 2 forms possessed distinct centromeric formulae and CMA-banded karyotypes, they could be characterized authentically in these methods. The karyotypic features suggest for placing the 2 forms in at least different taxonomic variety.
We detected integrons in 298 of 1106 Escherichia coli isolates obtained from the feces of pigs, chicken, ducks and elks. Among the sources there was higher number of integrons detected in the isolates of pigs. No integron was found in the isolates of gooses. Detection of lot of integrons in these isolates discovers the possibility of spread of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.