The use and dependence on software in various fields has been the reason why researchers for past decades have spent their efforts on finding better methods to predict software quality and reliability. Soft computing methods have been used to bring efficient improvement in prediction of software reliability. This study proposed a novel method called Fuzzy Greedy Recurrent Neural Network (FGRNN) to assess software reliability by detecting the faults in the software. A deep learning model based on the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) has been used to predict the number of faults in software. The proposed model consists of four modules. The first module, attribute selection pre-processing, selects the relevant attributes and improves generalization that improves the prediction on unknown data. Second module called, Fuzzy conversion using membership function, smoothly collects the linear sub-models, joined together to provide results. Next, Greedy selection deals with the attribute subset selection problem. Finally, RNN technique is used to predict software failure using previously recorded failure data. To attest the performance of the software, the popular NASA Metric Data Program datasets are used. Experimental results show that the proposed FGRNN model has better performance in reliability prediction compared with existing other parameter based and NN based models.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are utilized for a plethora of applications such as weather forecasting, monitoring systems, surveillance, and so on. The critical issues of the WSN are energy constraints, limited memory, and computation time. This spectrum of criticality takes a deep dive with large-scale WSNs. In such scenario, the network lifetime has to be efficiently utilized with the available resources by organizing into clusters. Even though the technique of clustering has proven to be highly effective in minimizing the energy, the tradition cluster based WSNs, the protocol overhead is high for Cluster Heads (CHs) as it receives and aggregates the data from its cluster members. Therefore, efficient management of CH along with routing behavior is vital in prolonging the network lifetime. In this paper, an enhanced CH-Management technique is proposed which efficiently elects its CH using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), hereafter referred to as PSO_DDE. The PSO_DDE approach considers various parameters such as within-cluster distance between nodes (intra-cluster distance), neighbor density, and residual energy of nodes for the best candidate selection of CH. Also, the cluster formation is defined by the k-means based on the Euclidian distance. The PSO_DDE approach is integrated with the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) for efficiently traversing the data packet to the sink node. The performance metrics are compared with the existing approaches using NS-2 simulator, and the proposed approach shows superiority of results.
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