Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new and highly contagious respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Symptoms and disease severity of COVID-19 vary from asymptomatic to severe or fatal illness. A major complication of those who survived from COVID-19 is the development of lung disease leading to persistence of respiratory symptoms. The objective of the present study was to find out the association of persistence of respiratory symptoms with severity of COVID-19. Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka during the period from July 2020 to December 2020. During follow-up around three months (90.62±2.21 days) after the onset of the first COVID-19 symptoms, 500 patients were taken as the study sample. Results: Total patients were 500 with 206 (41.2%) severe cases. Two-fifths of the study participants had persistent respiratory symptom at 3 months. Persistence of respiratory symptoms was associated with severity of COVID-19 (p = <0.001). Among the respiratory symptoms, shortness of breath (34.72%) and cough (29.63%) were the most prevalent symptoms that was persisted in severe COVID-19 during follow-up. Conclusion: This study has shown that persistent respiratory symptoms were common after COVID-19 that was about 40% and were associated with the severity of COVID-19. BIRDEM Med J 2023; 13(1): 16-21
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder manifested by involvement of multisystem including skin, central nervous system, heart, kidneys and eyes. Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is also a multisystem disorder that primarily affects the lungs. We report a case of tuberous sclerosis complex associated lymphangio-leiomyomatosis (TSC-LAM) in a 26-year-old female patient who was presented with spontaneous pneumothorax and renal angiomyolipomas. In clinical examination; We found multiple angiofibromas over her face, shagreen patches over upper and lower back and ungual fibromas in both fingers and toes. HRCT of chest revealed right sided pneumothorax with multiple thin walled cysts in both lungs. Ultrasonogram (USG) and Computer Tomography (CT) scan of abdomen revealed bilateral angiomyolipomas. We managed her pneumothorax with intercostal chest tube drainage and oxygen inhalation. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 51-54
Bronchial carcinoma is rare in younger age group. Smoking, environmental and occupational exposure are the major risk factors. Radiological imaging, bronchoscopy, FNAC and biopsy are the main mode of investigations. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the treatment of choice. Here, we report a case of 19-yearrs-old male and diagnosed as a case of non-small cell carcinoma of lung (NSCC). Cytological examination of pleural fluid showed non-small cell carcinoma. This may be indicating the changing trend of developing NSCC in young adults. Bangladesh Med J. 2018 May; 47 (2): 41-43
Background: Early diagnosis of lung cancer plays a vital role in reducing the lung cancer death rate. Different modalities can be applied e.g. radiology, bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and fine needle aspiration cytology. Cytological diagnostic techniques are safer, economical, and provide quick results. The aim of the study was to find out diagnostic yields of bronchoalveolar lavage in diagnosing lung cancer, and to determine the sensitivity, and specificity of BAL fluid cytology considering the bronchial biopsy as the gold standard.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka during the period from November 2018 to March 2020 with a total of 38 participants.Results: 33 (86.84%) patients were male, and 5 (13.16%) were female; the mean age was 58.29±13.11 years. In clinical presentations, cough was present in all 100% of the patients, and some more frequent presentations were shortness of breath in 26 (68.4%), hemoptysis in 24 (63.15%), and chest pain in 21 (55.26%). Majority of the patients (78.95%) were smokers. Considering histopathological findings, maximum patients had squamous cell carcinoma 13 (38.23%), then adenocarcinoma 11 (32.35%), small cell carcinoma 5 (14.70%), large cell carcinoma 3 (8.82%), and poorly differentiated non-small cell carcinoma 2 (5.88%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall accuracy of BAL were 70.59%, 100%, 100%, 28.57%, and 73.68% respectively.Conclusions: BAL fluid cytology is a useful tool for the diagnosis of lung cancer. It has good sensitivity, and specificity, and shows nearly identical information as biopsy.
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